上、下项线间相关距离测量及临床应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 05:01

  本文关键词：上、下项线间相关距离测量及临床应用研究　出处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2016年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

  更多相关文章： 颅骨 上项线 下项线 测量

【摘要】：目的测量完整人颅骨的上、下项线及枕骨大孔间的距离,为临床应用提供数据。方法在113例中国成年人正常、干燥颅骨标本上,取枕外隆突最高点、上项线上枕外隆突最高点左、右两侧旁开1 cm、2 cm各取一点,颅骨后正中线上枕外嵴中点及其左、右两侧旁开1 cm点各取一点,从上、下项线所取测量点向枕骨大孔方向作与颅骨后正中线平行的直线,用游标卡尺测量枕骨上、下项线间及上、下项线分别与枕骨大孔间的弧面、直线、垂直及水平距离。结果在后正中线上,上、下项线间的距离最小,直线距离为(18.11±2.99)mm、弧面距离为(19.18±2.83)mm、垂直距离为(11.11±3.44)mm、水平距离为(14.65±3.19)mm,向左、右旁开后除水平距离变小,其余各距离指标变大;枕外嵴中点到枕骨大孔后缘间两点的距离最小,直线距离为(21.73±3.35)mm、弧面距离为(22.74±3.47)mm、垂直距离为(10.69±3.44)mm、水平距离为(19.10±3.35)mm,向左、右旁开后,各距离指标变大。结论下项线准确定位是临床操作安全和有效的关键,以枕外隆突和上项线可以确定下项线位置,在后正中线上,下项线距上项线的垂直距离最小,为(11.11±3.44)mm。
[Abstract]:Objective to measure the distance between the superior and inferior lines of the intact human skull and the foramen magnum of the occipital bone, and to provide data for clinical application. The top of the occipital external protuberance on the superior line was left, the right side was 1 cm ~ 2 cm, the middle point and left of the occipital external crest on the posterior median line of skull, and the 1 cm point on the right side were taken from the top of the right side. The measuring point of the next line is parallel to the foramen magnum of occipital bone, and the curve and line between the line of occipital bone and foramen magnum of occipital bone are measured by Vernier caliper respectively by using Vernier caliper to measure the curve between the line of occipital bone and the line between line of inferior item and foramen magnum of occipital bone. Results the distance between the two lines was the smallest, the distance of straight line was 18.11 卤2.99 mm, and the distance of arc was 19.18 卤2.83 mm. The vertical distance was 11.11 卤3.44 mm, and the horizontal distance was 14.65 卤3.19 mm. The distance between the midpoint of external occipital crest and the posterior margin of occipital foramen was the smallest, the distance of straight line was 21.73 卤3.35 mm, and the distance of arc was 22.74 卤3.47 mm. The vertical distance was 10.69 卤3.44 mm, and the horizontal distance was 19.10 卤3.35 mm. Conclusion accurate location of the next line is the key to safe and effective clinical operation. The location of the next line can be determined by external occipital protuberance and superior line, and on the posterior median line. The vertical distance from the next line to the upper line is the smallest, which is 11.11 卤3.44mm.
【作者单位】： 南方医科大学中医药学院;广州中医药大学第二附属医院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81273871)
【分类号】：R323.1
【正文快照】： 枕部与颈椎交界区软组织病变可导致多种疾病,常见的如颈椎病、颈源性头痛、颈源性眩晕、血管神经性头痛、偏头痛、枕大神经痛、寰枢关节半脱位和寰枕后膜挛缩征等[1~5]。目前,对该区域软组织病变的治疗手段也有多种,可见文献报道的有针刺、针刀、拨针、穴位注射、痛点阻滞、推，

本文编号：1426863