始基卵泡活化的分子机制研究进展

发布时间：2018-01-18 16:22

本文关键词：始基卵泡活化的分子机制研究进展　出处：《生殖与避孕》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：始基卵泡是哺乳动物整个生殖期限中各级卵泡及卵子发育的源头。始基卵泡的激活既需要卵母细胞内如PI3K-PTEN-AKT-FOXO3、mTORC1及p27Kip1-CDK体系等信号通路的正常激活,也需要一些卵母细胞特异性的分子如Nobox和Sohlh1等的参与,除此之外,始基卵泡周围的前颗粒细胞也发挥巨大作用,其首先在m TORC1等信号通路的调节下分化为立方形颗粒细胞,改变自身形态,启动始基卵泡活化,其次可通过分泌KITL与卵细胞表面KIT结合后激活调节卵细胞生长的关键通路——PI3K信号通路,最终导致卵母细胞生长及始基卵泡的正常激活。了解始基卵泡活化过程有助于阐明卵子发生的分子机制,为女性不孕提供新的治疗靶点。
[Abstract]:Primordial follicles are the source of follicle and egg development throughout mammalian reproductive life. Activation of primordial follicles requires oocytes such as PI3K-PTEN-AKT-FOXO3. The normal activation of signal pathways such as mTORC1 and p27Kip1-CDK system also requires the participation of some oocyte specific molecules such as Nobox and Sohlh1. The pregranulosa cells around the primary follicles also play a great role. At first, they differentiate into square granulosa cells under the regulation of signal pathway such as m TORC1, change their own morphology, and initiate the activation of primordium follicles. Secondly, PI3K signaling pathway can be activated by secreting KITL combined with KIT on the surface of the egg cell to activate the key pathway of regulating the growth of the egg cell. Understanding the activation process of primordial follicles is helpful to elucidate the molecular mechanism of oogenesis and provide a new therapeutic target for female infertility.
【作者单位】：杭州市妇产科医院;
【分类号】：R321
【正文快照】： 在啮齿类动物中始基卵泡池在出生后若干天内才开始建立[5]。尽管始基卵泡形成是一个连续的过程,最近有研究者使用细胞系示踪观察到[6],小鼠始基卵泡中存在发育动力学及生理功能完全不同的2个发育过程。始基卵泡的第一个发育过程与青少年青春期的出现及生殖功能初建有关,而始基

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