骨间背侧神经的解剖学特征及其临床意义

发布时间：2018-02-25 18:22

本文关键词： 骨间背侧神经肌支体表定位　出处：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的研究前臂骨间背侧神经及其肌支的解剖学特征,为体表定位提供形态学基础。方法解剖30具成人防腐尸体的60侧上肢骨间背侧神经及其肌支,观察骨间背侧神经的行程与神经分叉点,测量分叉点分别至肱骨外上髁(LHE)、桡骨Lister结节(LTR)、尺骨茎突(SPU)的距离等参数,通过三圆交汇法及神经分段法来确定神经的体表位置。结果骨间背侧神经在发出指伸肌支、小指伸肌支及尺侧腕伸肌支后,主干有4个主要分叉点(O、O1、O2、O3);以分叉点分别至LHE、LTR、SPU的平均距离为半径,LHE、LTR、SPU为圆心,绘制3个圆,三圆交汇的点或区域可作为神经的体表定位;4个分叉点又可将骨间背侧神经分为7段(O点上段、OO1段、O1点下段、OO2段、O2点下段、O2O3段、O3点下段)。结论骨间背侧神经分叉点结合三圆交汇定位及神经分段法,根据神经损伤的临床表现,可明确神经损伤的位置。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the anatomical characteristics of the dorsal interosseous nerve and its muscular branches of the forearm and to provide morphological basis for surface localization. Methods the dorsal interosseous nerve and its muscular branches of 60 upper extremities of 30 adult embalmed cadavers were dissected. To observe the distance between the distance between the distance of the dorsal interosseous nerve and the nerve bifurcation point to the lateral epicondyle of humerus, the radial Lister tubercle and the styloid process of ulna. Results the dorsal interosseous nerve, after issuing the branches of extensor digitorum, extensor pedis and extensor carpi ulnaris, was used to determine the position of nerve on the body surface. There are four main bifurcation points in the trunk: OHE-O1O2O2O3U. Taking the average distance from the bifurcation point to LHET LTRU SPU as the radius and LHEN LTRT SPU as the center of the SPU, three circles are drawn. The point or region of the intersection of three circles can be used as the body surface location of the nerve, and the dorsal interosseous nerve can be divided into 7 segments of the dorsal interosseous nerve by four bifurcation points. Conclusion the dorsal interosseous nerve can be divided into 7 segments of the dorsal interosseous nerve, which can be divided into seven segments, namely, the upper segment of the OO _ 1 segment, the lower segment of the O _ 2 _ 2 _ 2 segment and the lower part of O _ 2O _ 3 point. Point-combined three-circle intersection localization and nerve segmentation, According to the clinical manifestation of nerve injury, the location of nerve injury can be determined.
【作者单位】：山东省昌邑市人民医院骨科;青岛大学医学院人体解剖学教研室;
【分类号】：R322.8

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