错位:当代人类慢性病发病率飙升的病理生理学基

发布时间：2018-03-03 16:46

本文选题：慢性病　切入点：基因　出处：《体育科学》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：有证据表明,当代人类慢性病的高发与基因和环境的交互作用有关,但关于两者的关系机制尚未完全明晰。基于人类进化过程中饮食-体力活动-基因间的交互作用以及表观遗传学的研究证据,从"匹配"的视角梳理和探讨了当代人类慢性病发病率飙升的原因与机制。人类生物进化与文化进化的不同步,基因型与饮食、体力活动、物质能量代谢方面的不匹配、不适应、不兼容等造成的基因与环境之间的错位,是导致当代人类慢性病高发的原因。过度饮食和体力活动不足通过影响基因的表观遗传修饰,进而影响到相关基因的表达,是导致慢性病高发的机制。在此基础上,提出了限制热量摄入,增加体力活动消耗,促使生活方式与基因型相匹配的慢性病防治策略。
[Abstract]:There is evidence that the high incidence of chronic diseases in modern humans is associated with genetic and environmental interactions, However, the mechanism of the relationship is not completely clear. Based on the evidence of diet, physical activity, gene interaction and epigenetics during human evolution, From the perspective of "matching", the causes and mechanisms of the soaring incidence of chronic diseases in contemporary human beings are analyzed and discussed. The dismatch between human biological evolution and cultural evolution, between genotype and diet, physical activity, material and energy metabolism, is discussed. The mismatch between genes and environment caused by inadaptability and incompatibility is the cause of the high incidence of chronic diseases in modern human beings. Excessive diet and physical inactivity affect the expression of related genes by influencing the epigenetic modification of genes. On the basis of this, we put forward some strategies to prevent and cure chronic diseases, such as limiting caloric intake, increasing physical activity consumption and promoting life style matching with genotype.
【作者单位】：山西师范大学体育学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(16BTY003)
【分类号】：R36

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