微波辐射对大鼠回肠的形态学改变及其作用机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 01:24

本文选题：微波辐射　切入点：回肠　出处：《福建医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：【目的】 1.研究微波辐射对大鼠回肠上皮细胞形态改变。 2.研究微波辐射对大鼠回肠肥大细胞(mast cell,MC)及促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（corticotropin-releasing factor,CRF）的影响，探讨回肠促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素与肥大细胞的关系。 3.探讨微波辐射对大鼠回肠的损伤机制。【方法】健康雄性SD大鼠20只，随机平均分为两组：对照组和辐射组。对照组：常规饲养。辐射组：常规饲养+辐射，大鼠自由体位置于大鼠笼中，再将鼠笼置于口径平面为40cmx50cm的铁皮箱内，进行微波辐射。微波信号发生器规格：900MHZ，1.0W，辐射频率为214μm/cm~3。每天上午8:00-10:00、下午2:00-4:00持续辐射，，即4h/d，共21d。观察辐射过程中大鼠体重，体表特征及神经行为学等的改变。辐射21天后，大鼠禁食48小时，心脏灌注取下丘脑和回肠末段标本，置于4%多聚甲醛中进行后固定。下丘脑、回肠组织行HE（haematoxylin-eosin）染色观察下丘脑、回肠组织粘膜及小肠绒毛的形态学改变，透射电镜观察下丘脑、回肠组织细胞超微结构的变化。甲苯胺蓝染色观察肥大细胞的分布状况及免疫组化技术观察CRF的分布，统计分析2组大鼠肥大细胞数量与CRF之间的关系。【结果】 1.辐射组的大鼠体表毛色逐渐变黄、活动减少、易睡、脱毛和体重增加减缓。 2. HE染色：对照组大鼠下丘脑神经元细胞形态结构完整。辐射组下丘脑：神经元细胞减少，第三脑室室管膜有损伤，可见红细胞游出。对照组大鼠小肠绒毛结构正常，排列整齐，小肠腺细胞结构正常，小肠粘膜上皮呈单层柱状，疏松的粘膜下层外可见肌层。而辐射组小肠绒毛结构紊乱，绒毛结构基本消失，小肠腺排列紊乱，肠腺间距增宽，肌层变薄，粘膜肌层仍然可见。 3.透射电镜观察：对照组下丘脑神经元结构良好，细胞核完整，核仁清楚，细胞内线粒体、高尔基体等完整。辐射组大鼠下丘脑神经元超微结构损伤明显，主要表现为线粒体空泡化明显，线粒体嵴断裂，内质网及高尔基体等散在分布，面积减小。对照组大鼠小肠粘膜细胞完整，细胞核完整，核仁清楚，细胞内线粒体、高尔基体等完整。辐射组小肠粘膜损伤明显，细胞边界不清，核仁消失，线粒体等细胞器空泡化，边界不清，胞内含大量脂滴，杯状细胞内空泡化。 4.对照组大鼠回肠黏膜层每高倍（40×10倍）视野肥大细胞数是11.133±1.124，辐射组大鼠回肠黏膜层每高倍视野肥大细胞数是18.000±4.850，辐射组肥大细胞显著多于对照组，且有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 5.对照组大鼠回肠黏膜层CRF的表达，呈轻度阳性反应（+），辐射组大鼠回肠CRF的表达，呈强阳性反应（+++）。说明大鼠回肠CRF与肥大细胞数存在正相关。【结论】 1.微波辐射可导致大鼠回肠上皮细胞形态结构的病理学改变。 2.微波辐射引起大鼠回肠肥大细胞数目明显增多，及促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素（CRF）明显增加，大鼠回肠CRF含量与肥大细胞数目存在正相关。 3.微波辐射对大鼠回肠损伤的可能机制：微波辐射造成大鼠下丘脑神经元损伤，推测可能导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴神经内分泌功能紊乱，促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRF)释放增多，导致大鼠回肠黏膜肥大细胞与CRF明显增多，CRF与肥大细胞膜上的CRF-R1结合，激活肥大细胞脱颗粒释放多种炎性介质和细胞因子，引起回肠黏膜的形态结构和屏障功能破坏，这种应激损伤机制可能受中枢神经系统(CNS)和肠神经系统(ENS)共同调控，密不可分。
[Abstract]:[Objective]
1. the morphological changes of ileum epithelial cells in rats were studied by microwave radiation.
2., we studied the effects of microwave radiation on mast cell (MC) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in rats, and explored the relationship between the corticotropin releasing hormone and mast cells.
3. to investigate the mechanism of microwave radiation on the injury of ileum in rats.
[method]
20 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group and radiation group. The control group: conventional breeding. The radiation group: conventional breeding + radiation, rats in the rat cage free position, and then placed in the aperture plane for the squirrel cage 40cmx50cm iron box, microwave signal by microwave radiation. Generator specifications: 900MHZ, 1.0W, radiation frequency is 214 m/cm~3. 8:00-10:00 every morning, afternoon 2:00-4:00 radiation, 4h/d, body weight of rats were observed in the process of 21d. radiation, surface features and neural behavior. The change of radiation for 21 days, 48 hours fasting rats, heart perfused hypothalamic and terminal ileum specimens. In 4% paraformaldehyde after fixation. The hypothalamus, ileum for HE (haematoxylin-eosin) staining was observed in the hypothalamus, morphological changes of ileum mucosa and intestinal villi, was observed in the hypothalamus of TEM, ileum tissue cells The change of microstructure distribution. Distribution of toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry observation of mast cell technology to observe the CRF, statistical analysis of the relationship between the number of CRF and 2 groups of rat mast cells.
[results]
The hair color of the body surface of the 1. radiation group gradually became yellow, the activity decreased, the sleep was easy, the hair loss and the weight gain slowed down.
2. HE staining: control group rat hypothalamic neurons cell morphology was complete. Radiation group: neuronal hypothalamic cells decreased, the third ventricle injury, visible red blood cells out of control. The structure of the intestinal villi group rats were normal, neat, small intestinal cell structure is normal intestinal epithelial monolayer columnar. Under the loose epthelium visible muscle layer. And the radiation group of small intestinal villi structure disorder, villous structure disappeared, intestinal gland derangement, intestinal gland hypertelorism, muscular layer thin, muscular layer of mucosa is still visible.
3. transmission electron microscopy observation: the control group of hypothalamic neurons good structure, intact nucleus, clear nucleolus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus integrity. The radiation damage of hypothalamic neurons ultrastructure of rats significantly, mainly for mitochondrial vacuolation, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus scattered in a control area is reduced. Intestinal mucosal cell in rats, intact nucleus, clear nucleolus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus integrity. Radiation group of small intestinal mucosal injury obviously, cell boundary was not clear, nucleolus and mitochondria vacuolization, the boundary is not clear, cell containing a large number of lipid droplets, goblet cells within the vacuoles.
4. in the control group, the number of mast cells in the ileum mucous membrane of the control group was 11.133 times higher than that of the control group (40 * 10 times). The number of mast cells in the ileum mucosa of the radiation group was 18 times higher than that in the control group. The mast cells in the radiation group were significantly more than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
5. control expression of ileal mucosa layer of CRF rats showed a slight positive expression (+), radiation group rat ileum CRF, were strongly positive (+ + +). CRF was positively correlated with the number of mast cells in the ileum of rats.
[Conclusion]
1. microwave radiation can lead to the pathological changes of the morphology and structure of the ileum epithelial cells in rats.
2., the number of mast cells in the ileum of rats increased significantly and the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRF) increased significantly after microwave irradiation. There was a positive correlation between the content of CRF and the number of mast cells in the ileum of rats.
3. possible mechanisms of microwave radiation on rat ileum injury caused by hypothalamic neuron injury of rats after microwave radiation, that may lead to the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis and neuroendocrine function disorder, corticotropin releasing hormone (CRF) release increased, resulting in rat ileum mucosal mast cells and CRF increased significantly, CRF and mast cell membrane the CRF-R1 binding and activation of mast cell degranulation to release a variety of inflammatory mediators and cytokines, cause morphology and barrier function of intestinal mucosal damage, the mechanism may be affected by the stress injury of central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS) to control, are inseparable.

【学位授予单位】：福建医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R363

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