长春地区麻疹野毒株H基因与F基因变异情况及流行病学研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 04:01

本文选题：麻疹病毒　切入点：F基因　出处：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：麻疹作为麻疹病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病，对儿童危害严重,在我国被列为计划免疫防治传染病之一，也是法定报告的37种传染病中乙类传染病之一。病毒一般通过飞沫传播，典型的临床症状有发热、上呼吸道炎症、眼结膜炎等，皮肤呈现红色斑丘疹及口腔粘膜疹，丘疹退后遗留色素沉着。人类是麻疹病毒的主要宿主，麻疹病毒只能感染某些类人猿与人类。本研究收集2011年麻疹疑似病例标本5份，用Vero/SLAM进行分离培养，均出现典型的细胞融合效应，有明显的细胞融合病变。通过RNA提取，F和H基因核苷酸扩增检测，并进行测序，鉴定5株野毒株全部为麻疹病毒。应用JModeltest对进化树模型进行分析筛选，，结合MEGA5.05现有的可操作模型，作为进化树的构建模型，绘制进化树。研究分离出的野毒株与国际标准株Edmonston株、疫苗株沪-191株和长-47株以及国外麻疹病毒株的对应序列的基因亲缘关系。结果显示：5株病毒H gene与H1a基因型代表株China93-4的核苷酸同源性为99.0%～99.3%，与Edmonston株相比，核苷酸同源性为94.8%～95.1%，5株麻疹病毒的组内距离在0.001～0.004之间；5株病毒F gene与疫苗株沪-19株和长-47株相比，核苷酸同源性均为98.9%～99.0%，与Edmonston株相比，核苷酸同源性为99.0%～99.2%。5株麻疹野毒株与不同的疫苗株之间差异不大，5株麻疹病毒的组内距离在0.001～0.003之间。研究结果证明5株麻疹野病毒基因序列差异较小，且与2010年接种强化疫苗前的野毒株相比，新分离的野毒株未见明显变异。野毒株与H1a基因亚型代表株China93-4相比，差异较小。而与标准株Edmonston株、疫苗株沪-191株和长-47株相比，遗传距离差异较大，核苷酸水平和氨基酸水平上都出现了较大的变异。
[Abstract]:As an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by measles virus, measles is very harmful to children. The virus is usually transmitted by droplets. Typical clinical symptoms include fever, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, eye conjunctivitis, etc. The skin presents red macular papules and oral mucosal rash. Papules remain pigmentation. Humans are the main hosts of measles viruses that infect only certain apes and humans. In this study, we collected 5 suspected measles cases in 2011, isolated and cultured with Vero/SLAM, all of them showed typical cell fusion effect and obvious cell fusion lesion. The nucleotide amplification of F and H genes was detected by RNA and sequenced. Five wild virus strains were identified as measles virus. The evolutionary tree model was analyzed and screened by JModeltest, and the existing operable model of MEGA5.05 was used as the model to construct the evolutionary tree. Phylogenetic trees. isolated wild and international standard Edmonston strains, The results showed that the nucleotide homology of H gene and H1 A representative strain China93-4 was 99.0 ~ 99.3, which was higher than that of Edmonston strain, compared with that of Edmonston strain, and the nucleotide homology of H _ (1) -191 strain, Chang -47 strain and foreign measles virus strain was 99.0 ~ 99.3, compared with that of Edmonston strain. The nucleotide homology of 5 strains of measles virus was 94.8% and 95.1% respectively, and the nucleotide homology of F gene was 98.9% and 99.0% compared with that of vaccine strain Hu -19 and Chang -47, respectively, and compared with that of Edmonston strain, and the nucleotide homology of 5 strains of F gene was 0.001 ~ 0.004, compared with that of vaccine strain Hu -19 and Chang -47, respectively. The nucleotide homology was 99.0 and 99.2.5 strains of measles virus and different vaccine strains. The group distance of 5 strains of measles virus was 0.001 ~ 0.003. The results showed that there was little difference in gene sequence among the five wild measles virus strains, and there was no significant variation in the new wild virus strains compared with the wild virus strains before inoculation in 2010. The wild virus strains were compared with the representative strains of H1 a gene subtype (China93-4). Compared with the standard strain Edmonston strain, vaccine strain Hu -191 strain and Chang-47 strain, the difference of genetic distance was greater, and the nucleotide level and amino acid level had great variation.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R373.1

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