块菌保健功效的初步研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 22:17

本文选题：块菌　切入点：蛹虫草　出处：《山东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：块菌属于子囊菌门（Ascomycota），盘菌纲（Pezizomycetes），盘菌目（Pezizales），块菌科（Tuberaceae），是一种药食两用真菌，又名松露和猪拱菌，主要分布在西欧的法国、意大利、西班牙等国家；在中国主要分布在四川省和云南省的东南地区和西北地区。在国外，有着悠久的食用块菌的历史，块菌也是法国的三大名菜之一。研究表明块菌具有多种有效活性成分，例如α-雄烷醇的化学结构与人体性激素的化学结构相似，具有调节女性月经周期等作用；块菌多糖具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长，调节机体免疫功能的作用等。目前对块菌主要进行分类学特征，有效活性成分分离、鉴定等方面的研究，虽然块菌有着悠久的食用历史，但对于块菌保健功效方面的研究却未见报道。本文用块菌子实体粉末的混悬液对小鼠进行负重游泳实验，实验结果显示，实验组小鼠的负重游泳时间比对照组小鼠的负重游泳时间有明显的延长，说明块菌能够显著地提高小鼠的耐疲劳能力。本文用块菌子实体粉末的混悬液对小鼠进行常压耐缺氧实验和亚硝酸钠急性中毒实验，结果表明经过块菌混悬液灌胃处理的小鼠在常压缺氧和急性中毒缺氧两种情况下的存活时候均比对照组小鼠存活时间长，由此可见块菌可以提高机体的耐缺氧能力。本文用块菌子实体粉末的混悬液对小鼠进行戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠的实验，实验数据显示，实验组小鼠的戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠时间与对照组小鼠的戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠时间相近，实验组小鼠的睡眠时间并没有显著的延长。实验结果取平均值数据差距可忽略不计，由此得出块菌对于延长小鼠睡眠时间没有显著效果，块菌没有镇静、催眠等作用。可通过其他实验方法做进一步的研究证实。本文用块菌子实体粉末的混悬液对小鼠进行肠胃运动的研究，通过对实验组小鼠和对照组小鼠的墨汁推进率的比较可知，较之于对照组，实验组小鼠小肠内的墨汁推进长度明显大于对照组小鼠的推进长度，由此可知，块菌能增强肠胃的活动，帮助消化吸收，促进新陈代谢。本文还通过对50名原发性痛经女性进行跟踪调查，通过统计记录这50名女性服用块菌混悬液后的反应得出经前和经期中服用块菌混悬液可以有效地减轻经期腹痛，并改善身体状态。本文用块菌子实体粉末的混悬液对小鼠进行造血功能的研究，，通过血液分析仪进行分析，结果显示实验组小鼠的红细胞、血小板、血红蛋白等指标与对照组相比均有所提高。说明块菌能够促进造血干细胞增殖分化，促进小鼠的造血功能。本文还用蛹虫草的菌丝体进行上述重复实验，并将实验结果与块菌实验结果进行对比得出，在戊巴比妥钠诱导睡眠实验中蛹虫草能够明显的延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间，这与之前有关蛹虫草具有镇静、催眠作用的文献记载相符，但块菌在实验中没有延长小鼠的睡眠时间，除此以外，其他实验结果块菌均明显优于蛹虫草。
[Abstract]:The truffle belongs to Ascomycota , Petritales , Petritales , and Truaceae . It is a kind of dual - purpose medicine and food fungus , also known as truffle and swine arch , which are mainly distributed in countries such as France , Italy , Spain and other countries in Western Europe ;
In the south - east and northwest of Sichuan and Yunnan Province , China has a long history of edible truffle , and truffle is one of the three major dishes in France . The research shows that truffle has many active ingredients , such as the chemical structure of 伪 - androstanols is similar to the chemical structure of human sex hormone , and has the function of regulating female menstrual cycle .
The truffle polysaccharide has the functions of inhibiting tumor cell growth , regulating immunity of organism , etc . Currently , it is mainly used for taxonomic character , isolation and identification of active ingredients . Although truffle has a long history of eating , the research on the efficacy of truffle has not been reported .
The results showed that the weight swimming time of the mice in the experimental group was significantly prolonged than that in the control group , and the results showed that the weight swimming time of the mice in the experimental group was significantly prolonged than that of the control group , and the results showed that the truffle could obviously improve the fatigue resistance of mice .
The results showed that the survival time of mice under normal pressure hypoxia and acute poisoning was longer than that of the control group . The results showed that truffle could improve the hypoxia tolerance of mice .
The experimental data show that the sleep time of mice in the experimental group is similar to that of the control group , and the experimental data show that the sleep time of mice in the experimental group is similar to that of the control group , and the sleep time of the experimental group is not prolonged . The results show that the truffle has no obvious effect on prolonging the sleep time of the mice , and the truffle has no obvious effect on prolonging the sleep time of the mice , and the truffle has no sedative and hypnotic effects .
Compared with the control group , the propulsive length of the ink in the small intestine of the experimental group was obviously higher than that of the control group , so the truffle could enhance the activity of the intestines and stomach , help the digestion and absorption and promote the metabolism .
Through the follow - up investigation of 50 women with primary dysmenorrhea , the reaction of 50 women taking the truffle suspension after taking the suspension of truffle by statistical recording leads to the effective reduction of menstrual abdominal pain and the improvement of the body state by taking the truffle suspension in the premenstrual period and the menstrual period .
In this paper , the hematopoietic function of mice was studied by using the suspension of the solid powder of truffle . The results showed that the indexes of red blood cells , platelets and hemoglobin in the experimental group were improved compared with the control group . The results showed that the truffle could promote the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and promote the hematopoietic function of the mice .
The experiments were carried out with mycelia of Cordyceps militaris , and the experimental results were compared with the results of truffle experiment .

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R371

【参考文献】