营养剥夺诱导自噬机制及其对心血管疾病的调控

发布时间：2018-06-29 19:35

本文选题：营养剥夺 + 自噬　；参考：《重庆医科大学学报》2016年04期

【摘要】：自噬(autophagy)最初意为"自食",早在上世纪50年代比利时科学家Christtiande Duve就在电镜下发现自噬体的结构,并在1963年首次提出"自噬"的概念。自噬分为巨自噬、微自噬、分子伴侣介导的自噬。其主要生理功能是通过自噬体包绕受损、变性或衰老的大分子物质及细胞器,在核内体的作用下,与溶酶体融合后降解产生氨基酸、核苷酸及ATP,实现营养物质再循环及补充能量。过度/不足的自噬广泛参与各个系统疾病的病理过程,如神经退行性变、肿瘤及肌病等。在心血管疾病中,诸如心肌缺血、心肌肥大等,都表现为心肌收缩力的减弱,心肌能量利用障碍及不足,自噬在其中的作用机制,也逐渐引起了研究者们的关注。然而,营养剥夺条件下的自噬对细胞生存调控的具体机制还存在争议。
[Abstract]:Autophagy (autophagy) originally meant "autophagy". As early as the 1950s, Belgian scientist Christtian de Duve discovered the structure of autophagy under electron microscope, and proposed the concept of autophagy for the first time in 1963. Autophagy is divided into macrophage, microautophagy, molecular chaperone mediated autophagy. Its main physiological function is to decompose amino acids after fusion with lysosome through macromolecular substances and organelles of damaged, denatured or senescent autophagy. Nucleotides and ATP to recirculate nutrients and replenish energy. Excessive / deficient autophagy is widely involved in the pathological processes of various systemic diseases, such as neurodegenerative, tumor and myopathy. In cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial ischemia and hypertrophy, myocardial contractility is weakened, myocardial energy utilization is impaired and insufficient, and the mechanism of autophagy in it has gradually attracted the attention of researchers. However, the mechanism of autophagy regulating cell survival under nutritional deprivation is still controversial.
【作者单位】：上海中医药大学病理教研室;
【基金】：国家自然基金资助项目(编号:81373858)
【分类号】：R363

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