注射性坐骨神经损伤对家兔小腿骨骼肌酶组织化学的影响

发布时间：2018-06-29 19:53

  本文选题：注射性坐骨神经损伤 + 胶原纤维　； 参考：《遵义医学院》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：建立家兔坐骨神经干注射性损伤模型；揭示注射性坐骨神经损伤对小腿骨骼肌酶组织化学的影响；探索其变化规律；初步探讨骨骼肌萎缩的机制。 方法：选用45只成年健康家兔,体重2.50±0.50kg,分正常组、青霉素注射组、生理盐水注射共3组。手术暴露坐骨神经干,神经外膜下注射青霉素或生理盐水0.5ml,制造注射性坐骨神经损伤模型,采用VG染色法观察青霉素和生理盐水注射性坐骨神经损伤前、后家兔胫骨前肌和腓肠肌外侧头内胶原纤维变化情况；NADH-TR酶组织化学染色法研究家兔小腿肌肉的组织化学特征,比较三种肌纤维的分布与构成特点,再利用图像分析系统检测小腿肌内各型肌纤维横切面积、光密度和肌纤维型构成比的变化；称量肌重。 结果：(1)青霉素和生理盐水注射于坐骨神经干外膜下后,出现注射侧后肢拖曳,跛行,小腿外观变细,健侧运动自如。肌块萎缩变薄,色泽由红润变为苍白。(2)胫骨前肌和腓肠肌外侧头肌重下降。(3)VG染色见正常骨髂肌胶原纤维着为红色,肌纤维、胞质呈黄色,细胞核呈黑色；青霉素注射于坐骨神经干外膜下后2w,胫骨前肌和腓肠肌外侧头内胶原纤维已明显增生,4w达高峰,8w时胶原纤维有所减少,12w时明显减少,仍然多于正常；出乎意料的发现生理盐水注射同样导致两块肌内胶原纤维增生,增生数量少于青霉素注射引起的增生。(4)NADH-TR酶组织化学染色可见胫骨前肌和腓肠肌外侧头内能准确分出三型肌纤维,即Ⅰ型、ⅡA型、ⅡB型；青霉素和生理盐水注射坐骨神经,均能引起三型肌纤维构成比、光密度、肌纤维横切面积发生明显变化,其中,ⅡB型最不稳定,波动范围大,ⅡA型次之,Ⅰ型纤维变化相对较小；各观察指标的变化在不同时间点有较大差异,但遵循这个变化规律：构成比与光密度值是4w8w2w12w正常值,肌纤维横切面积和肌重正好与前二者相反。青霉素注射引起的变化明显大于生理盐水注射；青霉素组导致腓肠肌外侧头的损伤程度重于胫骨前肌,生理盐水组未引起两肌差异性的损伤。 结论：(1)青霉素与生理盐水注射于坐骨神经干外膜下,均可引起小腿骨骼肌胶原纤维增生,烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸四唑氧化还原酶激活；(2)注射性坐骨神经损伤后,胶原纤维增生及烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸四唑氧化还原酶活性的改变具有时间依从性；(3)骨骼肌胶原纤维增生及烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸四唑氧化还原酶活性增强可导致注射性坐骨神经损伤后小腿肌的萎缩。
[Abstract]:Objective: to establish an injection-induced injury model of sciatic nerve trunk in rabbits, to reveal the effect of injection-induced sciatic nerve injury on the histochemistry of skeletal muscle enzymes in the leg, to explore its change rule and to explore the mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy. Methods: 45 healthy adult rabbits, weighing 2.50 卤0.50 kg, were divided into 3 groups: normal group, penicillin injection group and saline injection group. The sciatic nerve was exposed to the sciatic nerve trunk and penicillin or normal saline was injected under the epineurium. The model of sciatic nerve injury induced by injection of penicillin and saline was made. The injury of sciatic nerve was observed before penicillin and saline injection by VG staining. The changes of collagen fibers in the anterior tibial muscle and the lateral head of gastrocnemius were studied by NADH-TR enzyme histochemical staining, and the distribution and composition of the three muscle fibers were compared. Then the changes of cross-sectional area, optical density and muscle fiber composition ratio of various types of muscle fibers in the calf muscle were detected by image analysis system, and the weight of muscle was measured. Results: (1) after injection of penicillin and normal saline under the epiglotum of the sciatic nerve, the hind limbs of the injection side were dragged, limped, the appearance of the leg became thin, and the healthy side moved freely. (2) the weight of anterior tibial muscle and lateral head muscle of gastrocnemius decreased. (3) VG staining showed that the collagen fibers of normal bone and iliac muscle were red, muscle fiber was yellow and nucleus was black. 2 weeks after penicillin injection, collagen fibers in the anterior tibial muscle and the lateral head of gastrocnemius were obviously proliferated at the end of 4 weeks and reached the peak at 8 weeks after injection of penicillin into the sciatic nerve trunk. At 12 weeks after injection, the collagen fibers decreased significantly and were still more than normal. Unexpectedly, physiological saline injection also resulted in the proliferation of two intramuscular collagen fibers, which was less than that caused by penicillin injection. (4) NADH-TR histochemical staining showed that the three types of muscle fibers could be accurately distinguished from the lateral head of the tibia muscle and the lateral gastrocnemius muscle by NADH-TR histochemical staining. Type I, type 鈪，

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