人体心室肌解剖的实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 09:22

本文选题：心肌 + 心肌带　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：通过对心室肌的大体解剖与组织学研究,比较心肌传统概念与心肌带理论的差异。方法：(1)应用大体解剖、组织切片HE染色、虚拟切片扫描方法显示心室肌的纤维走向及空间结构。(2)将防腐固定后的成人正常心脏顺心肌纤维方向分层解剖心肌,使之展开成带,按照解剖的逆步骤将心肌带应用支架还原固定,制作出心肌带标本来显示心肌的三维空间结构。结果：将防腐固定的成人正常心脏经改良的解剖方法解剖,可解剖出一条完整的心肌带,分为2个环,4个段。心肌带呈螺旋走向。用大体解剖与组织切片HE染色、虚拟切片扫描显示右心室肌起始于纤维三角为一条单层肌肉带,左心室肌分为三层肌纤维起始于纤维三角与纤维环,肌纤维从纤维三角与纤维环持续由外向内转变呈现为一种交错结构,纵行的浅层心肌纤维在心尖以90°的角返回心底方向,构成深层心室肌形成肉柱,部分心肌纤维斜、横行构成中层心室肌。三者在心尖呈现出一种螺旋形结构,应用虚拟切片扫描技术能完整、清楚地显示心室肌某一切面的结构走向。把心肌带按照解离时的逆步骤逐步还原,在心肌带相应部位之间用特制有机玻璃支架固定,显示出立体的心肌带螺旋标本。结论：心肌传统理论与心肌带理并未完全冲突,改良的解剖方法能更好显示出心肌纤维走行及心肌带的立体螺旋型结构。
[Abstract]:Aim: to compare the traditional concept of myocardium with the theory of myocardial band by studying the gross anatomy and histology of ventricular muscle. Methods: (1) using gross anatomy, HE staining of tissue sections, virtual section scanning method to show the direction of fibers and spatial structure of ventricular muscle. According to the reverse steps of anatomy, the myocardial band was fixed with stent, and the myocardial band specimen was made to display the three-dimensional spatial structure of myocardium. Results: the antiseptic fixed adult normal heart was dissected by modified anatomical method and a complete myocardial band was dissected and divided into two rings and four segments. The myocardial zone is in a spiral direction. With HE staining of gross anatomy and tissue sections, virtual section scanning showed that the right ventricular muscle originated from the fiber triangle into a single-layer muscle band, and the left ventricular muscle was divided into three layers of muscle fibers starting from the fiber triangle and the fibrous ring. The muscle fibers continuously changed from the fiber triangle and the fiber loop to a staggered structure. The longitudinal superficial myocardial fibers returned to the bottom of the heart at an angle of 90 掳at the apex of the heart, forming a fleshy column of the deep ventricular muscle, and some of the myocardial fibers were oblique. Transversal constitutes the middle ventricular muscle. The three showed a spiral structure at the apex of the heart. The virtual slice scanning technique could be used to show clearly the structural direction of a certain section of the ventricular muscle. The myocardial band was gradually reduced in accordance with the inverse steps of dissociation and fixed with a special plexiglass scaffold between the corresponding parts of the myocardial band, showing a three-dimensional spiral specimen of myocardial band. Conclusion: the traditional myocardial theory does not completely conflict with the myocardial band theory. The improved anatomical method can better display the three-dimensional spiral structure of myocardial fiber and myocardial band.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R322

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