阴部神经的解剖学观测及其临床意义

发布时间：2018-07-07 18:52

本文选题：阴部神经 + 应用解剖　；参考：《中国临床解剖学杂志》2016年04期

【摘要】：目的从神经胚胎发育的角度对阴部神经的来源、组成、走行、分支进行解剖学观测,为临床会阴部手术提供依据。方法 16具(32侧)成人尸体标本解剖观察阴部神经的组成、形态、走行、分支及其毗邻关系,测量阴部神经与毗邻结构距离等的数据。结果阴部神经主要由S2、S3和S4前支混合后组成,但仍有部分由S2和S3前支混合后组成。阴部神经在下行过程中有坐骨神经及股后皮神经的分支加入,三者之间相互交通的关系较为复杂;在阴部管及坐骨直肠窝,阴部神经的毗邻不同;阴部神经分为盆内和盆外分支。阴部神经在阴部管内距坐骨结节前缘下方的距离为(男25.47±3.18 mm,女26.38±2.56mm);阴部神经在坐骨棘处距皮肤的距离为(男75.67±8.37 mm,女76.89±9.48 mm)。结论阴部神经与毗邻神经交通复杂,细致的解剖对临床相关手术及治疗具有指导意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to observe the origin, composition, running and branch of pudendal nerve from the angle of nerve embryo development, and to provide basis for clinical perineum operation. Methods 16 adult cadavers (32 sides) were dissected to observe the composition, shape, path, branch and adjacent relationship of the pudendal nerve, and to measure the distance between the pudendal nerve and the adjacent structure. Results the pudendal nerve was mainly composed of S _ 2 S _ 3 and S _ 4 anterior branch, but some of them were composed of S _ 2 and S _ 3 anterior branch. In the descending process of the pudendal nerve, the branches of sciatic nerve and posterior cutaneous nerve of femur were added, the relationship between them was complicated, in the pudendal canal and ischiorectal fossa, the adjacent to pudendal nerve was different. The pudendal nerve is divided into intrapelvic and extrapelvic branches. The distance between the pudendal nerve and the anterior edge of the ischium was 25.47 卤3.18mm for males and 26.38 卤2.56mm for females, and the distance between pudendal nerve and skin was 75.67 卤8.37mm for males and 76.89 卤9.48 mm). For females. Conclusion the communication between the pudendal nerve and adjacent nerve is complicated, and careful anatomy is of guiding significance for clinical operation and treatment.
【作者单位】：重庆医科大学第一临床学院;重庆医科大学解剖学教研室;
【基金】：重庆市科技计划项目(cstc2015jcyj A10036) 重庆医科大学大学生科学研究与创新实验项目(201537)
【分类号】：R322.8

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