子痫前期动物模型研究进展

发布时间：2018-07-14 14:09

【摘要】：动物模型是探索人类子痫前期(PE)发病机制中的重要工具之一,为寻找符合人类PE发病特点的动物模型,学者们进行了大量研究,迄今仍无一种动物模型可以很好反映PE的特征。达成共识的是模型动物与人生理特点及胎盘形态学越接近,其用于实验研究获取的数据就越具有说服力,如非人灵长类(狒狒、猕猴)、啮齿类(大小鼠)等。由于动物本身与人具有种属差异,因此,无论采用何种动物都不能完全复制出人类PE病变。此外,出于不同的研究目的,大多数文献报道了在妊娠状态下使用单一方法成功建立PE动物模型,如自发性血压升高、手术钳夹腹主动脉或子宫动脉、将致病因子或异常基因导入母体等均可导致动物出现血压升高、蛋白尿等类似人类PE的特征性表现,有的动物甚至可伴发母体内皮功能失衡、全身多脏器或系统不同程度的损伤或(和)胎儿受累等一种或多种PE表现。然而单一的建模方法也并不能完全体现PE多因素共同作用的发病本质。
[Abstract]:Animal model is one of the important tools to explore the pathogenesis of human preeclampsia (PE). In order to find the animal model which accords with the characteristics of human preeclampsia (PE), many scholars have done a lot of research, so far, no animal model can well reflect the characteristics of PE. It is agreed that the closer the model animal is to human physiological characteristics and placental morphology, the more persuasive the data obtained in experimental studies will be, such as non-human primates (baboons, macaques), rodents (mice and mice) and so on. Because of the difference of species between animals and humans, no matter what animal is used, human PE can not be completely duplicated. In addition, for different purposes, most literature has reported the successful establishment of PE animal models in pregnancy using a single method, such as spontaneous elevated blood pressure, surgical clamping of abdominal aorta or uterine artery. The introduction of pathogenic factors or abnormal genes into the mother can lead to elevated blood pressure, proteinuria and other characteristic manifestations similar to human PE. Some animals may even be accompanied by maternal endothelial dysfunction. One or more PE manifestations, such as multiple organ or system injury or / or fetal involvement. However, a single modeling method can not fully reflect the pathogenetic nature of PE.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西第二医院出生缺陷与相关妇儿疾病教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:81571465) 成都市科技惠民技术研发(编号:2014-HM01-00009-SF)
【分类号】：R-332;R714.244

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