南极磷虾油脂提

发布时间：2018-11-03 10:36

【摘要】：作为地球上数量最大、繁衍最成功的单种生物资源之一的南极磷虾，营养丰富全面，又因其巨大的生物量和潜在的渔业资源，及在南极生态中的关键地位而日益受到人们的关注。南极磷虾油具有极高的营养价值和医用价值。相关研究已发现，南极磷虾油可以降低血糖和调节血脂等，对脂肪肝也有一定的治疗作用；而目前国内对于南极磷虾油的研究还处在一个初级阶段。探索南极磷虾油脂提取工艺技术和进行生物活性实验验证，寻找适合我国国情的南极磷虾油开发技术路线，具有重要的经济和社会价值。 本研究利用无水乙醇萃取南极磷虾干粉，经溶剂浸提、减压蒸馏、恒温干燥后得到高纯度南极磷虾油。并以此为基础，优化提取工艺，并对南极磷虾油的生物活性进行验证，对受试酒精性肝损伤小鼠作用效果作了评价。本研究共分三个部分。 第一部分：南极磷虾油提取工艺优化 研究使用有机溶剂提取南极大磷虾油脂工艺。通过单因素实验和正交实验进行探讨，结果表明，最佳工艺条件为以无水乙醇为提取剂，提取温度为65℃，时间为3h，料液比为1：9。按此工艺虾油的提取率为19.60%。 第二部分：无水乙醇提取物成分分析 对使用优化工艺提取的南极磷虾油脂的丙酮不溶物、乙醚不溶物、磷脂、虾青素含量进行检测，并利用担气相分析提取物中的脂肪酸组成，气相分析，发现无水乙醇提取物中含有比较丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸。提取物中共检测出21种脂肪酸，其中饱和脂肪酸5中，共占总含量33.32%，不饱和脂肪酸成分16种，占总含量的66.43%。；主要脂肪酸种类包括棕榈酸（21.3%）、油酸（13.3%）、十四酸（10.11%）、二十二碳六烯酸（11.6%）、二十碳五烯酸（15.0%）、十六烯酸（5.54%）、亚油酸（2.67%）、亚麻酸（1.38%）。油脂样品中不饱和脂肪酸含量较高，具有一定的营养价值。 第三部分：南极磷虾油对小鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型作用的研究以高脂饲料加乙醇灌胃30d造成小鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型后，分为南极磷虾油低、中、高剂量组，正常组和自然恢组5组，连续给药10d后，检测相关生化和病理指标。结果，，南极磷虾油组与自然恢复组相比，血清中的三酰甘油（TG）和胆固醇(TC)、谷草转氨酶（AST）以及谷丙转氨酶（ALT）水平有显著改善(P0.01或P0.05);肝组织中的三酰甘油(TG)和胆固醇（TC）含量显著降低(P0.01或P0.05)，冷冻切片脂肪染色结果显示南极磷虾油剂量组肝细胞脂滴蓄积明显减少，脂肪变程度减轻。结论在本研究条件下，南极磷虾油对小鼠酒精性脂肪肝有治疗作用。
[Abstract]:Antarctic krill, one of the largest and most successful single species of biological resources on the planet, is rich in nutrients and has huge biomass and potential fishery resources. And its key position in Antarctic ecology has been paid more and more attention. Antarctic krill oil has high nutritional value and medical value. It has been found that Antarctic krill oil can reduce blood sugar and regulate blood lipids and has a certain therapeutic effect on fatty liver, but the study of Antarctic krill oil is still in a preliminary stage. It is of great economic and social value to explore the extraction technology of Antarctic krill oil and to test the bioactivity of Antarctic krill oil in order to find a suitable route for the development of Antarctic krill oil in our country. In this study, the high purity Antarctic krill oil was obtained by extracting the dried krill powder with anhydrous ethanol, extracting it with solvent, distilling at low pressure and drying at constant temperature. On this basis, the extraction process was optimized, and the biological activity of Antarctic krill oil was verified, and the effect of alcoholic liver injury on mice was evaluated. This study is divided into three parts. Part I: optimization of the extraction process of Antarctic krill oil using organic solvent to extract the oil from Antarctic krill. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, the results showed that the optimum technological conditions were as follows: absolute ethanol as extractant, extraction temperature 65 鈩

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