大肠杆菌对氮限制的适应性进化
发布时间：2019-02-27 15:20
【摘要】：自然界中生物常常面临氮资源限制,它们可能会采用不同的策略来适应.通过比较现存物种的研究认为生物采取的是节约氮的策略,而进化实验的研究发现生物提高了吸收氮资源的能力.这2类研究都有一些方法缺陷,因此本研究设计了一个更系统的进化实验,让大肠杆菌种群在2种氮资源环境中进化1 300代,分析其对不同氮资源环境的适应性进化.1 300代后,2种氮资源环境中进化的大肠杆菌株系适合度均提高,低氮进化株系适合度提升幅度大于高氮进化株系.与祖先相比,低氮株系氮质量分数和DNA质量分数均显著提高,碳、氮质量比显著降低,而高氮株系在RNA质量分数上显著提高.说明在本研究体系中,大肠杆菌采用了增强氮获取能力的策略来适应氮限制,而不是节约氮.
[Abstract]:Living things in nature often face nitrogen resource constraints, and they may adopt different strategies to adapt. Compared with the existing species, it is believed that organisms adopt the strategy of saving nitrogen, while evolutionary experiments show that organisms improve their ability to absorb nitrogen resources. These two types of studies have some methodological defects, so this study designed a more systematic evolutionary experiment to let the Escherichia coli population evolve 1,300 generations in two nitrogen resource environments. The adaptive evolution of these strains to different nitrogen resources and environments was analyzed. 1 300 generations later, the fitness of the two strains was improved, and that of the low nitrogen evolutionary strain was greater than that of the high nitrogen evolutionary strain. Compared with their ancestors, the nitrogen mass fraction and DNA mass fraction of low nitrogen plant lines were significantly increased, while the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen was significantly decreased, while the mass fraction of RNA of high nitrogen lines was significantly increased. In this study, E. coli used the strategy of enhancing the ability of nitrogen acquisition to adapt to nitrogen limitation, rather than saving nitrogen.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31030014)
【分类号】：R378
本文编号：2431383
[Abstract]:Living things in nature often face nitrogen resource constraints, and they may adopt different strategies to adapt. Compared with the existing species, it is believed that organisms adopt the strategy of saving nitrogen, while evolutionary experiments show that organisms improve their ability to absorb nitrogen resources. These two types of studies have some methodological defects, so this study designed a more systematic evolutionary experiment to let the Escherichia coli population evolve 1,300 generations in two nitrogen resource environments. The adaptive evolution of these strains to different nitrogen resources and environments was analyzed. 1 300 generations later, the fitness of the two strains was improved, and that of the low nitrogen evolutionary strain was greater than that of the high nitrogen evolutionary strain. Compared with their ancestors, the nitrogen mass fraction and DNA mass fraction of low nitrogen plant lines were significantly increased, while the mass ratio of carbon to nitrogen was significantly decreased, while the mass fraction of RNA of high nitrogen lines was significantly increased. In this study, E. coli used the strategy of enhancing the ability of nitrogen acquisition to adapt to nitrogen limitation, rather than saving nitrogen.
【作者单位】： 北京师范大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31030014)
【分类号】：R378
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