前口虫一新种的表膜内表面结构的电镜观察

发布时间：2019-05-15 14:30

【摘要】：本文利用常规透射电镜技术，，改进样品制备方法的扫描电镜技术对前口虫(Frontonia sp.)的整体形态，表膜下结构和口部前庭动基列结构进行了研究。得出了以下结果： (一)用改进的扫描电镜样品制备方法处理前口虫，使其细胞质外流后细胞膜自动外翻。从而可以在扫描电镜下从内部观察前口虫的表膜构造。 (二)在扫描电镜下可以观察到表膜下存在着三层纤维系统，分别是紧挨着表膜的由细纤维组成的网格状纤维层；第二层是出现在射出胞器周围的极细纤维束；第三层是排列规律符合右手定则的粗大纤维，故推测为动纤丝。这三层纤维有机的结合成为一个整体，推测其功能为：1、使射出体、线粒体等胞器固着在细胞表膜或细胞质中；2、作为细胞骨架的一部分，支持着细胞的正常形态。 (三)结合扫描电镜和透射电镜观察结果，在前口虫体内新看到了多种射出胞器：一种位于口部的特殊形态刺丝泡，另外还有毒素泡和粘液泡。另有其它3种类射出胞器,它们的内部组分及功能尚不清楚，所以它们归属哪一类射出体也无法确定。 (四)在高倍扫描电镜下观察到了前口虫的三排前庭动基列的微管组成。每条动基列都是由若干个粗大的柱形体规则排列而成的。并且在三条动基列间存在着数条细纤维将相邻两列连接起来。猜想这一结构可以使前口虫的胞口有力地张开和闭合，增强其摄食的能力。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the conventional transmission electron microscope technique was used to improve the sample preparation method. Scanning electron microscope technique was used to detect (Frontonia sp.). The overall morphology, submembranous structure and oral vestibule structure were studied. The following results were obtained: (1) the improved scanning electron microscope (SEM) sample preparation method was used to treat the preoral insect, and the cell membrane was automatically turned out after the cytoplasmic efflux. Thus, the surface membrane structure of the foremouth insect can be observed from the inside under scanning electron microscope (SEM). (2) under the scanning electron microscope, it can be observed that there are three layers of fiber system under the surface membrane, which are the grid fiber layer composed of fine fibers next to the surface membrane, and the second layer is the very fine fiber bundles that appear around the ejector cell. The third layer is the coarse fiber whose arrangement is in accordance with the rule of the right hand, so it is speculated as dynamic filament. The three layers of fibers combine organically into a whole, and it is inferred that their functions are as follows: 1, so that the ejectors, mitochondria and other cellular organs are fixed in the cell surface membrane or cytoplasm; 2, as a part of the cytoskeleton, supporting the normal morphology of the cells. (3) combined with the results of scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, a variety of ejector cells were seen in the foremouth: a special form of spiny vesicles located in the mouth, as well as toxin bubbles and mucinous vesicles. There are three other ejector types, their internal components and functions are not clear, so it is impossible to determine which kind of ejectors they belong to. (4) the microtubule composition of three rows of vestibula was observed under high power scanning electron microscope. Each moving base column is made up of several thick columns arranged regularly. And there are several fine fibers connecting the adjacent two columns between the three moving bases. It is suggested that this structure can effectively open and close the mouths of the foremouth, and enhance its feeding ability.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R38

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