花生四烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和二十碳五烯酸在炎症中的作用概述

发布时间：2019-07-28 16:20

【摘要】：心脑血管疾病、肿瘤、糖尿病、神经系统疾病、自身免疫等疾病严重危害着人类的生命和健康,并消耗着大量医疗资源。事实上,很多疾病发生和发展的背后都伴随着炎症反应,炎症是众多疾病的病理基础,甚至是导致这些疾病的诱因。炎症本身是机体的防御性反应,但过度的炎症反应和长期慢性炎症会损害机体的稳态。炎症的调节和控制由炎症介质介导,花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)、二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA)等长链多不饱和脂肪酸(10ng-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,LC-PUFAs)的衍生物是一类重要的调控炎症的介质。炎性细胞间的交流和细胞内信号传递与LC-PUFAs有关。AA经环氧酶和脂氧合酶合成的类二十烷酸主要起促炎作用,但有的也有抗炎作用。DHA和EPA在体内起抗炎作用,由它们合成的消退素(resolvins,Rvs)和保护素(protectin,PD)是重要的抗炎活性物质。DHA和EPA还可以干扰炎性细胞内信号传导途径来抑制炎症反应。本文从炎症与疾病的关系、LC-PUFAs的衍生物及其促炎和抗炎机制等方面综述了AA、DHA和EPA在炎症中的作用。
[Abstract]:Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumors, diabetes, nervous system diseases, autoimmune and other diseases seriously endanger human life and health, and consume a lot of medical resources. In fact, the occurrence and development of many diseases are accompanied by inflammation, inflammation is the pathological basis of many diseases, and even the cause of these diseases. Inflammation itself is the defensive reaction of the body, but excessive inflammatory reaction and long-term chronic inflammation can damage the homeostasis of the body. The regulation and control of inflammation is mediated by inflammatory mediators. Arachidonic acid (arachidonic acid,AA), 22 carbohexaenic acid (docosahexaenoic acid,DHA) and eicosapentaenic acid (eicosapentaenoic acid,EPA) derivatives of long chain polysaturated fatty acids (10ng-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids,LC-PUFAs) are an important regulator of inflammation. The communication between inflammatory cells and intracellular signal transduction are related to LC-PUFAs. The eicosanoic acid synthesized by AA through cycloenzyme and lipopolysaccharide mainly plays an anti-inflammatory role, but some also have anti-inflammatory effects. Das and EPA play an anti-inflammatory role in vivo. Resolvins,Rvs and protectin,PD synthesized by them are important anti-inflammatory active substances. and EPA can also interfere with the signal transduction pathway in inflammatory cells to inhibit inflammatory response. In this paper, the role of AA,DHA and EPA in inflammation was reviewed from the aspects of the relationship between inflammation and disease, the derivatives of LC-PUFAs and their pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
【作者单位】：润科生物工程(福建)有限公司;北京大学工学院;
【分类号】：R364.5

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