颅脑超声在极低出生体质量儿脑损伤的诊断价值

发布时间：2018-04-25 09:21

本文选题：颅脑超声 + 极低出生体质量儿　；参考：《中国超声医学杂志》2017年06期

【摘要】：目的探讨颅脑超声在极低出生体质量儿(VLBW)脑损伤的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析新生儿重症监护室119例VLBW早产儿颅脑超声检查结果,与MRI结果做对比,分析该类早产儿大脑发育成熟度及颅脑损伤特点。结果本研究中119例VLBW早产儿胎龄均32周。此类早产儿大脑发育成熟度低:脑实质回声整体细腻而均匀,脑白质回声淡薄增强;脑岛轮廓存在但分化不完全;透明隔腔宽大;颅脑超声检查发现单纯脑室内出血者43例,脑室内出血并脑室扩大者38例,脑室内出血并脑白质损伤者5例,单纯脑白质损伤者1例,颅脑超声未发现明显异常者32例。结论极低出生体质量儿因各器官系统未发育成熟,出生后常常需要呼吸机辅助呼吸,不宜搬动;颅脑超声具有方便实时、可床边操作、非侵入性无损伤等优点,可作为早期筛查新生儿脑损伤的首选方法。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the diagnostic value of craniocerebral ultrasound in the brain injury of very low birth weight infants (VLBW). Methods the results of craniocerebral ultrasound examination in 119 VLBW premature infants in neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analyzed and compared with the results of MRI. The results were analyzed in 119 cases of premature infants in this study. The age was 32 weeks. The maturity of the brain in such preterm infants was low: the brain parenchyma echoes were delicate and uniform, the echo and light of the white matter increased; the contour of the brain existed but the differentiation was not complete; the hyaline septum was wide; 43 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage, 38 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage and ventricular enlargement, intraventricular hemorrhage and white matter injury were found by craniocerebral ultrasound examination. There were 5 cases, 1 cases with simple brain white matter injury and 32 cases with craniocerebral ultrasound. Conclusion the very low birth weight children are not mature because of the organs system, and they often need ventilator assisted respiration after birth. The craniocerebral ultrasound has the advantages of convenient real-time, bedside exercise, non invasive and non injury, which can be used as early screening. The first choice for neonatal brain injury.

【作者单位】：湖北省妇幼保健院超声诊断科;武汉市汉阳区妇幼保健院;
【分类号】：R445.1;R742

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