煤矿掘进工累积接尘剂量与肺功能累计异常率的关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 03:39

本文选题：呼吸功能试验　切入点：粉尘　出处：《中国全科医学》2017年18期

【摘要】：目的探讨煤矿掘进工累积接尘剂量与肺功能累计异常率的关系。方法 2014年12月—2015年12月选取唐山某煤矿掘进工376例为观察组,非接尘工179例为对照组,均行肺功能[用力肺活量(FVC),第1秒用力呼气末容积(FEV_1),FEV_1/FVC]检测。观察组每隔10年为1个接尘工龄组,分为10年、10~年、20~年、30~年工龄组。比较对照组和观察组及各接尘工龄组间的肺功能,分析累积接尘剂量与肺功能累计异常率的关系。结果观察组肺功能异常率(51.6%,194/376)高于对照组(12.8%,23/179)(P0.05)。观察组FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC低于对照组(P0.05)。10~年工龄组FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC低于10年工龄组(P0.05)。20~年工龄组FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC低于10年工龄组和10~年工龄组(P0.05)。30~年工龄组FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC低于10年工龄组、10~年工龄组、20~年工龄组(P0.05)。累积接尘剂量与肺功能累计异常率呈正相关(r=0.763,P0.001)。结论煤矿掘进工累积接尘剂量与肺功能累计异常率存在正相关性。接尘工龄时间越长,累积接尘剂量越大,肺功能累计异常率越高,肺功能指标改变越明显。累积接尘剂量可用于预测煤矿掘进工肺功能异常发病的危险性和高危人群。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the relationship between cumulative dust exposure dose and cumulative abnormal rate of pulmonary function in coal miners. Methods 376 cases of coal mine excavators in Tangshan from December 2014 to December 2015 were selected as observation group and 179 cases as control group. All patients were examined with forced vital capacity (FV), forced expiratory end-expiratory volume (FEV) at the first second and FEV 1 / FVC (FEV 1 / FVC). The observation group was treated with dust exposure every 10 years. The lung function of control group, observation group and dust exposure group were compared. Results the abnormal rate of pulmonary function in the observation group was 51.6% higher than that in the control group (12.8 / 179). The observation group was lower than the control group in FEV _ 1 / FEV _ 1 / FVC _ (1 / FVC). The FVC FEV _ 1 / FVC / FEV _ 1 / FVC in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FEV _ 1 / F _ (VC) in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FEV _ 1 / F _ VC in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FEV _ 1 / F _ (VC) in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FEV1 / FVC in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The FVCU / FEV1 / FVC / FVC of 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 years of service group is lower than that of 10 ~ 10 ~ 10 ~ year working age group P0.05. The cumulative dust exposure dose is positively correlated with the cumulative abnormal rate of pulmonary function. Conclusion the cumulative dust exposure dose and lung work are positively correlated with the cumulative dust exposure dose of coal tunneling workers. There is a positive correlation in the cumulative abnormal rate. The longer the length of exposure to dust, The higher the cumulative dose of dust exposure, the higher the cumulative abnormal rate of pulmonary function and the more obvious the change of pulmonary function index. The cumulative dose of dust exposure can be used to predict the risk of abnormal pulmonary function of coal miners and high-risk population.
【作者单位】：华北理工大学公共卫生学院实验中心;华北理工大学生命科学学院实验中心;华北理工大学附属医院麻醉科;
【分类号】：R135.2

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