车载X射线机和室内X射线机高千伏胸片质量评价

发布时间：2018-05-23 09:28

本文选题：车载X射线机 + 室内X射线机　；参考：《中国职业医学》2016年05期

【摘要】：目的评价车载X射线机和室内X射线机拍摄的高千伏胸片质量,分析其缺陷原因。方法采用方便抽样方法,抽取车载X射线机、室内X射线机拍摄的尘肺病普查人员后前位X射线高千伏胸片1 029和1 081份,分别设为车载组和室内组,进行质量评定,并分析胸片质量缺陷原因。结果室内组胸片优良率高于车载组(90.5%vs79.5%,P0.01)。305份差片中,以曝光条件不佳和不符合胸片基本要求为主,检出率分别为47.5%和30.8%;车载组差片不符合胸片基本要求检出率高于室内组(38.6%vs 15.5%,P0.01),曝光条件不佳检出率低于室内组(40.1%vs 62.1%,P0.01)。145份曝光条件不佳的差片中,其原因按检出率从高到低依次为曝光过度、曝光不足和灰雾度过大,检出率分别为52.4%、39.3%和8.3%;2组该类差片上述3种原因检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。94份质量不符合基本要求的差片中,以胸片伪影为主,检出率为74.5%;车载组伪影检出率高于室内组(79.5%vs 50.0%,P0.05)。结论车载X射线机曝光后未及时冲洗的胶片在储存和运输过程中容易产生静电和霉变,是造成车载X射线机胸片优良率低于室内X射线机的根本原因。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the quality of high kilovolt chest radiographs taken by vehicle X-ray machines and indoor X-ray machines and to analyze the causes of defects. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select 1029 and 1,081 chest radiographs of the rear front position of pneumoconiosis examiners taken by a vehicle X-ray machine and an indoor X-ray machine, and were divided into vehicle-mounted group and indoor group, respectively, and their quality was evaluated. The cause of quality defect of chest radiography was analyzed. Results the excellent and good rate of chest film in indoor group was higher than that in vehicle group (90.5 vs 79.5%). The detectable rate was 47.5% and 30.8% respectively, the detection rate of car-mounted component radiographs not meeting the basic requirements of chest radiography was higher than that of indoor group (38.6 vs 15.5P 0.01), and the detection rate of poor exposure conditions was lower than that of indoor group (40.1 vs 62.1g / P 0.01n.145). According to the detection rate from high to low, the causes were overexposure, underexposure and heavy fog. The detectable rates were 52.4% and 8.3%, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (P 0.05). 94 pieces of difference in quality did not meet the basic requirements. The detection rate of artifact in chest radiography was 74.5.The detection rate of artifact in vehicle group was higher than that in indoor group 79.5% vs 50.05% (P 0.05), and that in vehicle group was higher than that in indoor group (79.5% vs 50.05%). Conclusion it is easy to produce static electricity and mildew in the storage and transportation of the film which is not developed in time after the exposure of the vehicle X-ray machine, which is the fundamental reason that the excellent and good rate of the chest film of the vehicle X-ray machine is lower than that of the indoor X-ray machine.
【作者单位】：国家安全生产监督管理总局职业安全卫生研究中心;
【分类号】：R135.2

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