慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者健康素养与自我管理研究
发布时间：2018-07-28 07:57
【摘要】：目的描述COPD患者的健康素养和自我管理水平现状,分析其影响因素,探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的健康素养与自我管理水平的关系。 方法选取2011年9月至2011年12月就诊于中南大学三所附属医院和湖南省人民医院呼吸内科的COPD住院患者为调查对象,采用现场发放问卷方式进行调查。采用COPD患者健康素养量表(COPD-Q)评价患者健康素养状况,COPD患者自我管理量表评价患者的自我管理水平。使用Epidata3.1软件建立数据库,并采用SPSS16.0对资料进行统计分析。 结果 1.共发放调查问卷274份,回收有效问卷269份(有效率为98.2%)。其中男性211人(78.4%),女性58人(21.6%)；年龄32-91岁,平均(66.91±9.85)岁。 2.269名COPD患者的健康素养总分为0-12分、平均(6.07±2.41)分。得分最高的三个条目是"COPD病人会感到气短”、“家庭氧疗能延长COPD病人的寿命”、"COPD病人会有顽固性咳嗽”,答对率依次为82.2%、73.2%和68.8%。得分最低的三个条目为条目1"COPD病人应该注射肺炎疫苗”、条目7“戒烟可以阻止COPD病情变坏”和条目3“药物能够阻止COPD病情变坏”回答情况最差,答对率依次为23.4%、16.4%和15.6%。 3.269名COPD患者的自我管理总分为59～230分、平均分为(145.76±32.25)分。症状管理、日常生活管理、情绪管理、信息管理和自我效能管理5个维度的平均分依次为(21.48±6.12)、(42.00±9.57)、(35.74±9.63)、(20.65±6.77)、(25.89±6.94)分。 4.文化程度、医疗费用支付方式、吸烟情况为COPD患者健康素养的影响因素。文化程度越高COPD患者的健康素养水平就越高,医疗费用支付方式为医保/公费的患者较医疗费用支付方式为自费/其他的患者健康素养得分高；吸烟越严重,COPD患者健康素养得分越低。 5.文化程度、家庭人均月收入、过去一年中有无因COPD加重住院、吸烟情况为COPD患者自我管理水平的影响因素。文化程度越高、家庭人均月收入越高,COPD患者的自我管理水平就越高；而在过去一年中因COPD急性加重住院的患者较过去一年中没有因COPD急性加重而住院的患者自我管理水平差；吸烟越严重,COPD患者健康素养得分越低。 6. COPD患者健康素养与自我管理的关系：COPD患者健康素养与自我管理总分及其各维度显著相关(P0.05)。 结论 1. COPD患者有关COPD的健康素养水平较低。文化程度、医疗费用支付方式、吸烟情况为COPD患者健康素养的影响因素。 2. COPD患者自我管理水平不高。文化程度、家庭人均月收入、过去一年中有无因COPD加重住院及吸烟情况为COPD患者自我管理水平的影响因素。 3. COPD患者的健康素养与自我管理呈正相关。
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the status quo of health literacy and self-management in patients with COPD, analyze the influencing factors, and explore the relationship between health literacy and self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods from September 2011 to December 2011, COPD inpatients from three affiliated hospitals of Central South University and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Hunan Provincial people's Hospital were selected for investigation. COPD patient health literacy scale (COPD-Q) was used to evaluate the level of self management. Epidata3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS16.0 is used to analyze the data. Result 1. A total of 274 questionnaires were distributed and 269 valid questionnaires were recovered (the effective rate was 98.2%). Among them, 211males (78.4%) and 58 females (21.6%) were aged 32-91 years (mean 66.91 卤9.85 years). The total scores of 2.269 patients with COPD were 0-12 points (6.07 卤2.41) and (6.07 卤2.41) years old. The top three items were "COPD patients will feel shortness of breath", "home oxygen therapy can prolong the life of COPD patients", "COPD patients will have intractable cough", the correct rate was 82.2% and 68.8% respectively. The three items with the lowest scores were entry 1, "COPD patients should be vaccinated against pneumonia," entry 7, "quitting smoking prevents COPD from getting worse," and entry 3, "drugs can prevent COPD from getting worse," the answer was the worst. The correct rate was 23.4% and 15.60.The total score of self-management in 3.269 patients with COPD was 590.230, with an average score of (145.76 卤32.25). The average scores of symptom management, daily life management, emotion management, information management and self-efficacy management were (21.48 卤6.12), () 42.00 卤9.57), (35.74 卤9.63), (20.65 卤6.77), (25.89 卤6.94, respectively. The educational level, the way of paying medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of the health literacy of COPD patients. The higher the education level, the higher the health literacy level of COPD patients, the higher the score of health literacy of the patients who pay the medical expenses by health insurance / public expense than the patients who pay the medical expenses at their own expense / other patients. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 5. 5%. The education level, the average monthly income of the family, whether the COPD aggravated the hospitalization in the past year or not, the smoking condition is the influence factor of the COPD patient's self-management level. The higher the education level, the higher the average monthly income of the patients with COPD, and the lower the self-management level of the patients who were hospitalized because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year than those who had not been admitted to the hospital because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 6. 6%. The relationship between health literacy and self-management in COPD patients was significantly correlated with the total score of self-management and its dimensions (P0.05). Conclusion 1. The health literacy of COPD patients with COPD was low. The educational level, the way of paying for medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of health literacy of COPD patients. 2. The level of self-management in COPD patients is not high. Education level, per capita monthly income of families, whether COPD aggravated hospitalization and smoking status in the past year were the influencing factors of COPD patients' self-management level. 3. The health literacy of COPD patients was positively correlated with self-management.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R563.9
本文编号：2149427
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the status quo of health literacy and self-management in patients with COPD, analyze the influencing factors, and explore the relationship between health literacy and self-management in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods from September 2011 to December 2011, COPD inpatients from three affiliated hospitals of Central South University and Department of Respiratory Medicine of Hunan Provincial people's Hospital were selected for investigation. COPD patient health literacy scale (COPD-Q) was used to evaluate the level of self management. Epidata3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS16.0 is used to analyze the data. Result 1. A total of 274 questionnaires were distributed and 269 valid questionnaires were recovered (the effective rate was 98.2%). Among them, 211males (78.4%) and 58 females (21.6%) were aged 32-91 years (mean 66.91 卤9.85 years). The total scores of 2.269 patients with COPD were 0-12 points (6.07 卤2.41) and (6.07 卤2.41) years old. The top three items were "COPD patients will feel shortness of breath", "home oxygen therapy can prolong the life of COPD patients", "COPD patients will have intractable cough", the correct rate was 82.2% and 68.8% respectively. The three items with the lowest scores were entry 1, "COPD patients should be vaccinated against pneumonia," entry 7, "quitting smoking prevents COPD from getting worse," and entry 3, "drugs can prevent COPD from getting worse," the answer was the worst. The correct rate was 23.4% and 15.60.The total score of self-management in 3.269 patients with COPD was 590.230, with an average score of (145.76 卤32.25). The average scores of symptom management, daily life management, emotion management, information management and self-efficacy management were (21.48 卤6.12), () 42.00 卤9.57), (35.74 卤9.63), (20.65 卤6.77), (25.89 卤6.94, respectively. The educational level, the way of paying medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of the health literacy of COPD patients. The higher the education level, the higher the health literacy level of COPD patients, the higher the score of health literacy of the patients who pay the medical expenses by health insurance / public expense than the patients who pay the medical expenses at their own expense / other patients. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 5. 5%. The education level, the average monthly income of the family, whether the COPD aggravated the hospitalization in the past year or not, the smoking condition is the influence factor of the COPD patient's self-management level. The higher the education level, the higher the average monthly income of the patients with COPD, and the lower the self-management level of the patients who were hospitalized because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year than those who had not been admitted to the hospital because of the acute exacerbation of COPD in the past year. The more serious smoking patients with COPD, the lower the score of health literacy. 6. 6%. The relationship between health literacy and self-management in COPD patients was significantly correlated with the total score of self-management and its dimensions (P0.05). Conclusion 1. The health literacy of COPD patients with COPD was low. The educational level, the way of paying for medical expenses and the smoking status were the influencing factors of health literacy of COPD patients. 2. The level of self-management in COPD patients is not high. Education level, per capita monthly income of families, whether COPD aggravated hospitalization and smoking status in the past year were the influencing factors of COPD patients' self-management level. 3. The health literacy of COPD patients was positively correlated with self-management.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R563.9
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