呼吸内科患者院内细菌感染情况及危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-11-09 19:26

【摘要】：目的探讨分析呼吸内科患者院内细菌感染的情况,并分析其危险因素。方法选择我院呼吸内科进行住院治疗且发生院内感染的81例患者作为研究对象,同时随机抽取同一时期在我院进行住院治疗的非院内感染患者100例作为对照组,统计比较两组患者的基础疾病、本次住院主要针对治疗病种、治疗方法、是否存在侵入性操作、是否使用激素、是否使用免疫抑制剂类药物等。结果我院院内感染的发生率为1.97%,所占比例最高的为下呼吸道感染,共计发生58例(71.61%),其次为上呼吸道感染(19.75%)。共鉴定出164株病菌种类,革兰阴性菌是院内感染的主要菌种,共计检出128株,检出率为78.05%,革兰阳性菌共计检出36株,检出率为21.95%。基础疾病如冠心病、高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤等对呼吸内科患者院内感染的影响不大(P=0.935);有无气管插管、有无气管切开、是否使用激素、是否使用免疫抑制剂类药物是呼吸内科患者发生院内感染的影响因素(P=0.003、0.033、0.002、0.027)。结论呼吸内科患者发生院内细菌感染的因素较多,在临床实践中应采取具有针对性的预防措施,从而减少院内感染的发生率,提高患者的生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the nosocomial bacterial infection in patients with respiratory medicine and its risk factors. Methods Eighty-one patients with nosocomial infection were selected from Department of Respiratory Medicine, and 100 non-nosocomial infection patients who were hospitalized in our hospital at the same time were randomly selected as control group. Statistical comparison of the two groups of patients with basic diseases, this hospital mainly for the treatment of diseases, treatment methods, whether there is invasive operation, whether to use hormones, whether to use immunosuppressive drugs and so on. Results the incidence of nosocomial infection in our hospital was 1.97 and the highest rate was lower respiratory tract infection (58 cases 71.61%) followed by upper respiratory tract infection (19.75%). A total of 164 strains of bacteria were identified. Gram-negative bacteria were the main strains of nosocomial infection, 128 strains were detected, the detectable rate was 78.05, and 36 strains of Gram-positive bacteria were detected, the detectable rate was 21.95%. Basic diseases such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, tumor and so on have little effect on nosocomial infection in patients with respiratory medicine (P0. 935). Whether there was trachea intubation, tracheotomy, hormone use or immunosuppressive drugs were the influencing factors of nosocomial infection in patients with respiratory medicine (P0. 003P 0. 03 0. 002 0. 027). Conclusion there are many factors of nosocomial bacterial infection in patients with respiratory medicine. In order to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection and improve the quality of life, some preventive measures should be taken in clinical practice.
【作者单位】：陕西省宝鸡市人民医院呼吸内一科;
【分类号】：R56

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