某市部分企业工作场所噪声和粉尘危害现状分析

发布时间：2019-04-04 19:40

【摘要】：目的分析2008—2012年粤西地区某市部分企业工作场所噪声和粉尘危害情况。方法收集、整理2008—2012年粤西地区某市299家企业噪声和粉尘检测结果数据,采用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计学分析。结果2008—2012年累计检测企业299家,检测噪声和粉尘作业点共1 730个,超标点数742个,超标率为42.9%。990个检测点噪声强度为(82.8±7.1)dB(A),超标率为36.2%;噪声超标率随着年份的增加而增加(P0.01),2012年噪声超标率最高,为48.6%;小型企业噪声超标率高于中型企业(39.5%vs 18.9%,P0.01);不同行业噪声超标率差异有统计学意义(P0.01),以木制家具制造业超标率最高,为62.3%。740个检测点粉尘检测结果中位数为2.0 mg/m3,超标率为51.9%;2008年粉尘超标率最高,为61.9%;小型企业粉尘超标率高于中型企业(55.6%vs 13.6%,P0.01);不同行业粉尘超标率差异有统计学意义(P0.01),以建材行业和木制家具制造业超标率较高,分别为58.1%和54.4%。结论该市建材行业和木制家具制造业工作场所噪声和粉尘危害较严重,应加强职业病防控工作,确保作业人员健康。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the noise and dust hazards in some enterprises in a city in western Guangdong province from 2008 to 2012. Methods the data of noise and dust detection were collected and sorted out from 2008to 2012 in a city in western Guangdong province. The data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results there were 1 730 detection noise and dust operation points and 742 points exceeding the standard in 2008.The noise intensity of 990 detection points was 42.9%. The noise intensity of 990 detection points was 36.2% (82.8 卤7.1) dB (A),). The noise excess rate increased with the increase of the year (P0.01), and the noise excess rate in 2012 was the highest (48.6%), and the noise excess rate in small enterprises was higher than that in medium-sized enterprises (39.5%vs 18.9%, P0.01). There was a significant difference in noise excess rate among different industries (P0.01), the highest rate was 62.3% in wooden furniture manufacturing industry, and the median of dust detection results at 740 detection points was 2.0 mg/m3, exceeding standard rate was 51.9%; In 2008, the rate of dust exceeding standard was the highest (61.9%), and that of small-sized enterprises was higher than that of medium-sized enterprises (55.6%vs 13.6%, P0.01). There was a significant difference in the rate of dust exceeding standard in different industries (P0.01). The rate of exceeding standard in building material industry and wooden furniture manufacturing industry was 58.1% and 54.4% respectively. Conclusion the noise and dust hazards in the workplace of building materials industry and wooden furniture manufacturing industry in this city are serious. It is necessary to strengthen the work of occupational disease prevention and control to ensure the health of workers.
【作者单位】： 广州医科大学公共卫生学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(81202236,81373038) 广州市科技计划项目(2013J410037)
【分类号】：R135.2
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本文编号：2454105