脑出血患者肺部感染的危险因素分析

发布时间：2019-08-17 09:58

【摘要】：目的探讨脑出血患者发生肺部感染的危险因素,以达到提高临床诊治水平。方法选取2006年1月-2013年2月脑出血患者670例,对其临床资料和治疗过程进行回顾性分析,采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析,对脑出血患者并发肺部感染的危险因素使用logistic回归分析进行多因素分析。结果 670例脑出血患者发生肺部感染88例,感染率为13.13%,性别、是否吸烟和嗜酒对于肺部感染发生影响不大,差异无统计学意义;年龄70岁、神志昏迷、合并糖尿病、肺部疾病患者发生肺部感染的概率明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);行鼻饲胃管、使用糖皮质激素、H2受体阻滞剂、抗菌药物以及住院时间20d均可增加患者发生肺部感染的概率(P0.05);患者合并昏迷、糖尿病、少数患者行气管切开、气管插管、鼻饲胃管及给予H2受体阻滞剂治疗、未预防性应用抗菌药物以及住院时间20d均是患者发生肺部感染的独立危险因素(P0.001)。结论对脑出血患者进行治疗时应积极改善患者自身机体状况,建立良好的生活和饮食习惯、减少患者的住院时间、合理应用抗菌药物,并在进行侵入性操作时严格无菌原则,以期降低患者肺部感染发生率,获得良好的预后。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in order to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods the clinical data and treatment process of 670 patients with cerebral hemorrhage from January 2006 to February 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. the risk factors of pulmonary infection in patients with cerebral hemorrhage were statistically analyzed by SPSS13.0 software. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of cerebral hemorrhage complicated with pulmonary infection. Results there were 88 cases of pulmonary infection in 670 patients with cerebral hemorrhage, the infection rate was 13.13%, sex, smoking and alcoholism had little effect on the occurrence of pulmonary infection, the probability of pulmonary infection in patients with age 70 years old, coma, diabetes mellitus and pulmonary disease was significantly increased (P 0.05). Nasal feeding of gastric tube, the use of glucocorticoids, H2 receptor blockers, antibiotics and hospitalization time of 20 days can increase the probability of pulmonary infection (P 0.05), the use of glucocorticoids, H _ 2 receptor blockers, antibiotics and hospital stay for 20 days can increase the probability of pulmonary infection. Patients with coma, diabetes mellitus, tracheotomy, endotracheal intubation, nasal feeding of gastric tube and treatment with H _ 2 receptor blocker, non-prophylactic use of antibiotics and hospitalization time of 20 days were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection (P0.001). Conclusion in order to reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection and obtain a good prognosis, patients with intracerebral hemorrhage should be treated with active improvement of their own body condition, establishment of good living and eating habits, reduction of hospitalization time, rational use of antibiotics, and strict aseptic principle in invasive operation.
【作者单位】：贵州省从江县人民医院内科;
【基金】：贵州省卫生厅基金资助项目(GZWKJ2012-1-025)
【分类号】：R563.1

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