临床常见精神障碍患者的笔迹特征分析

发布时间：2018-02-16 13:38

  本文关键词： 精神分裂症 心境障碍 笔迹特征 笔迹分析　出处：《新乡医学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景“字如其人”在我国有着悠久的历史和很高的民众认可度。前人千百年关于笔迹的研究都是主观的经验性分析,这种研究方法虽然取得了一些成果,但带有较大的个人主观色彩,难以进行科学的验证,不能够被大家普遍接受。1964年台湾大学心理系杨国枢、林碧峰撰写了《中文笔迹与人格：一项探索性研究》,这是我国关于汉字笔迹的第一篇实证研究论文。杨麟、贾治辉、陈中兵、林晨峰、童章毅、王宇中等人陆续开始探讨精神障碍患者笔迹特征的采集与分析,并根据分析的结果逐步形成了通过书法训练来指导心理疾病患者缓解症状的治疗体系。精神障碍对患者身心、家庭、社会活动等都造成严重的不良影响。随着精神病学的发展,研究笔迹与书写时的心理学特征被验证为一个可行的办法,通过对比精神障碍患者的笔迹特征分析,进行科学的康复书写锻炼,从而帮助精神障碍患者摆脱病痛、树立信心、更好的融入社会生活。目的1.探析精神分裂症、心境障碍与正常对照组之间笔迹特征,为精神障碍患者的康复提供指导意见。2.探讨精神障碍患者(精神分裂症和心境障碍)笔迹特征在人口学变量上的特点,为精神障碍患者的康复提出理论依据。3.分析精神障碍患者SCL-90与笔迹特征间的关系,为精神障碍患者的康复发现线索。4.探索笔迹特征在精神障碍患者与正常对照组之间的区分力,为精神障碍患者的诊断及精神障碍患者康复提供笔迹学线索。方法通过使用基于电子签名屏的笔迹分析系统对新乡医学院第二附属医院、郑州大学第一附属医院以及郑州市第九人民医院的302位精神障碍患者进行笔迹采集,同时完成“患者基本情况调查问卷”、“90项症状清单(SCL-90)”。继而对采集到的笔迹图像用“汉字笔迹特征分析系统”得出压力、时间、间距、面积、倾斜度等48项笔迹特征的量化信息。对收集的数据经SPSS21.0进行t检验、方差分析、多重比较、相关分析和判别分析等。结果1.精神分裂症患者组与正常对照组在横笔压、书写平均压、平均字间距、标题上边距、标题左边距、正文下边距、正文右边距、平均字高、平均字面积、首字字宽、占用率、横长、像素数、撇长、撇倾斜度、捺倾斜度、书写总时间、捺笔压、平均字宽、首字字面积20项笔迹特征差异显著(P1-17项0.01,P18-20项0.05)。2.心境障碍患者组与正常对照组在书写平均压、标题平均字压、正文右边距、末字字高、书写总时间、横笔压、捺笔压、竖笔压、撇笔压、正文上边距、占用率、捺倾斜度12项笔迹特征差异显著(P1-5项0.01,P6-12项0.05)。3.精神分裂症患者组与心境障碍患者组在横笔压、书写平均压、标题平均字压、标题上边距、正文下边距、首字字面积、竖长、撇倾斜度、正文右边距、占用率、平均字高、像素数12项笔迹特征差异显著(P1-8项0.01,P9-12项0.05)。4.在人口学变量中,不同性别精神障碍患者组的笔迹特征在平均字间距、最小字间距、占用率、竖长、捺长、平均字间距6项上差异显著(P0.05)；不同年龄群体精神障碍患者组之间的笔迹特征在书写总时间、平均字高、书写平均压、平均字间距、最大字间距、字间距变化、正文上边距、正文下边距、首字字高、首字字宽、平均字面积11项差异显著(P1-2项0.01,P3-11项0.05)；不同婚姻状况精神障碍患者组的笔迹特征在平均字间距、最大字间距、正文右边距、字间距变化、占用率、平均字高和捺倾斜度7项差异显著(P1-3项0.01,P4-7项0.05)。5.精神障碍患者组与国内正常人组在精神障碍患者在躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执以及精神病性9项精神症状上差异均显著(P0.001)。6.精神障碍患者组在笔迹特征与症状自评量表各因子之间：书写平均压与躯体化、恐怖和偏执相关显著(P0.05)；标题平均压力与偏执相关显著(P0.05)；最小字间距与人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性相关显著(P0.05)；标题右边距与恐怖相关显著(P0.05);横倾斜度与躯体化相关显著(P0.05)；捺倾斜度与抑郁相关显著(P0.05)。7.笔迹特征对精神障碍患者与正常对照组之间具有区分力,区分力为76.1%；笔迹特征对精神分裂症患者和心境障碍患者之间具有区分力,区分力为70.7%。结论1. 精神分裂症患者笔迹书写凌乱,字间距小且留白多,书写时间慢于正常人,揭示了精神分裂症患者笔迹异于正常人可能是其运动控制缺陷所致。2. 心境障碍患者笔迹较正常人书写用力大,且笔迹不流畅,字迹小,留白多,可能与心境障碍患者情感易波动有关。3. 笔迹特征在正常人与精神障碍患者存在一定的区分能力,在精神分裂症患者与正常人之间的区分力为76.1%,在精神分裂症患者与心境障碍患者两者之间区分力为70.7%。
[Abstract]:The background of the word as it "in our country has a long history and high degree of public recognition. Previous research on handwriting for thousands of years are subjective and empirical analysis, this research has made some achievements, but with a personal subjective color large, difficult to verify the science, can not be generally.1964 accept the Psychology Department of National Taiwan University Yang Guoshu, Lin Bifeng wrote" Chinese handwriting and personality: an exploratory study ", which is China's first demonstration on Chinese characters handwriting research. Yang Lin, Jia Zhihui, Chen Zhongbing, Lin Chen Feng, Tong Zhangyi, Wang Yuzhong et al have begun the acquisition and analysis of handwriting characteristics of patients with mental disorders according to the analysis of the results, and gradually formed the calligraphy training guide for patients with mental disorders to alleviate the symptoms of mental disorders. The treatment system for patients with physical and mental, family, social activities etc. Have caused serious adverse effects. With the development of psychiatry, psychology of handwriting and the study proves to be a feasible way by handwriting features of patients with mental disorders contrast analysis, rehabilitation exercise science writing, so as to help people with mental disorders to get rid of the pain, confidence and better integrate into social life. 1. of schizophrenia, mood disorders and handwriting characteristics between the normal control group, to provide guidance on.2. in patients with mental disorders for patients with mental disorders (rehabilitation of schizophrenia and mood disorders) handwriting characteristics in the demographic variables, for patients with mental disorders rehabilitation provide the theoretical basis for the analysis of the relationship between SCL-90.3. and the spirit of handwriting characteristics the disorder, find clues.4. to explore the handwriting characteristics in mental disorders patients and normal control group as the rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders Distinguish between, provide clues for handwriting diagnosis and rehabilitation of patients with mental disorders in patients with mental disorders. Methods by using the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University of handwriting analysis system of electronic signature screen, 302 patients with mental disorders in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City ninth people's Hospital of handwriting acquisition, at the same time to complete the questionnaire the basic situation of patients, the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90). Then the handwriting images collected with "Chinese characters handwriting characteristics analysis system to obtain the pressure, time, distance, area, quantitative information inclination 48. Handwriting features of the data collected by SPSS21.0 t test, variance analysis, multiple comparison the correlation analysis, and discriminant analysis. Results of the 1. patients with schizophrenia group and normal control group in the writing pen pressure, average pressure, average word spacing, the title on the margins, standard 棰樺乏杈硅窛,姝ｆ枃涓嬭竟璺，

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