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父母的性格倾向及情绪因素与孤独症的早期发现及诊断的相关性分析

发布时间:2018-02-25 06:00

  本文关键词: 性格倾向 孤独症 父母 诊断 出处:《大连医科大学》2012年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:目的:孤独症是起源于儿童婴幼儿期的严重的广泛发育障碍(PDD),且发病率呈逐年升高的趋势。其病因尚未明确,康复治疗是目前较为有效的治疗办法,,并需持续终身治疗。因此,“早发现、早诊断、早治疗”的三早原则是治疗和康复的关键。如何早期发现、早期诊断,对康复治疗及预后相当重要。基于儿童疾病的特殊性,家长对于病史的描述及孩子异常行为的观察与总结,对孤独症的临床诊断甚为重要。孤独症患儿家长的性格特点及情绪类型,会不会因此而影响孤独症的早期发现及临床诊断呢?经过查阅,目前国内外相关文献并未有详细报道。本文对60名孤独症儿童及其家长做了一般性资料统计及家长的性格分析及情绪测评,探讨父母性格倾向及情绪因素对于孤独症患儿的早期发现及诊断之间有无相关,为指导今后的临床诊断工作提供相关依据。 方法:收集门诊就诊的60例孤独症患者的一般性资料,在同一专业人员指导下由父亲或母亲认真填写孤独症筛查量表(ABC)、艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90),并在父亲或母亲辅助下由同一医务人员完成孤独症诊断量表(CARS)的测评。将统计数据输入SPSS统计软件,使用SPSS17.0软件对统计数据中各因子行统计学描述检验其是否为正态分布后,对各个因子相关性进行统计分析。当两变量符合双变量正态分布的假设时,使用Pearson相关描述其相关性,当两变量不符合双变量正态分布的假设时,使用Spearson秩相关描述两变量间的相互变化关系。得出各变量间的相关系数P,如P<0.05,则两变量间有相关性。 结果: 1.孤独症患儿父母性格倾向量表(EPQ)中P量表及N量表的得分与孤独症筛查量表ABC存在相关性,两者有统计学差异,P<0.05。 2.孤独症父母SCL-90中的躯体化症状及敌对症状总分及均分与孤独症筛查量表ABC的得分均存在相关性,两者有统计学差异,P<0.05;与强迫症状的总分及均分显著相关,两者有统计学差异,P<0.01。 3.孤独症辅助诊断量表CARS得分与孤独症患儿父母的性格倾向各因子未见统计学差异;与SCL-90中的强迫症状及抑郁症状的总分及均分均有相关性,两者有统计学差异,P<0.05;与躯体化症状及焦虑症状的总分及均分显著相关,P<0.01。 4.孤独症患儿父母中P量表及N量表的得分与SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫、抑郁症状等各因子的总分及均分均存在相关性,两者有统计学差异,P<0.05。 结论: 1.对于孤独症的早期发现 (1)父母的神经质与情绪的稳定性与孤独症的早期发现存在相关性。因此,在做性格分析时,神经质与情绪不稳定的家长应详细询问病史并仔细查体,结合辅助检查以完善孤独症的筛查工作。 (2)父母情绪因素中的躯体化症状、强迫症状及敌对症状的总分及均分与孤独症的早期发现存在相关性。因此,如果患儿家长SCL-90中的上述症状得分较高(均分≥2分),可待患儿家长情绪稳定后再次复诊以完善孤独症的筛查工作。 2.对于孤独症的诊断 (1)孤独症患儿父母的性格倾向各因子与诊断未见相关。 (2)孤独症患儿父母就诊时的情绪因素中的躯体化症状、强迫症状、抑郁症状及焦虑症状的总分及均分均有相关性。因此,如果患儿家长SCL-90中的上述症状得分较高(均分≥2分),应详细询问病史并仔细查体,针对该类家长根据具体情况给予心理指导并嘱其定期复诊,结合辅助检查结果以提高诊断的正确率。
[Abstract]:Objective: autism is originated from children's infantile severe extensive developmental disorder (PDD), and the incidence is increasing year by year. Its etiology is not yet clear, rehabilitation therapy is more effective treatment, and need lifelong treatment. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, early three principles "is the key to treatment and rehabilitation. To early detection, early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of rehabilitation is very important. Based on the particularity of disease of children, parents and children for the observation of history description of abnormal behavior and summarize the clinical diagnosis of autism is very important. The characteristics and types of emotions of parents of autistic children, will will not affect the early clinical diagnosis and found that autism? After inspection, the related literature at home and abroad has not been reported in detail. This paper gives general information of 60 autistic children and their parents Material statistics, parents' Personality Analysis and emotional assessment, to explore whether there is any correlation between parental disposition and emotional factors for early detection and diagnosis of autistic children, so as to provide evidence for guiding future clinical diagnosis.
Methods: 60 outpatients with autism in the same general information, under the guidance of professionals from the father or mother fill in the autism screening scale (ABC), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), symptom checklist (SCL-90), and in the father or mother help by the same medical personnel to complete the Autism Diagnostic Scale (CARS) assessment. The statistical data input SPSS statistical software, SPSS17.0 software is used to describe the test whether the normal distribution of each factor for statistical data statistics, correlation of each factor for statistical analysis. When the two variables meet the bivariate normal distribution hypothesis, the use of Pearson describes the correlation between two variables, when two variables do not meet the assumptions of normal distribution, the relation between Spearson rank correlation was used to describe the two variables. The correlation coefficient P between different variables, such as P < 0.05, two There is a correlation between variables.
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