惯性哑铃练习对轻度认知损害老年人步态参数特征影响的研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 13:20

本文选题：轻度认知损害　切入点：惯性哑铃　出处：《上海体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究背景与目的轻度认知障碍损害(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)是介于正常老化和痴呆之间的一种过度状态,是认知功能损伤的一种病理状态,表现为明显的记忆障碍,但日常生活不受影响的状态。除认知功能外,MCI还常表现为显著步态障碍与更高的跌倒发生率(健康老年人的两倍)。此外,双任务步态模式可模拟现实生活中的多任务情景,与传统的单任务步态相比,在评估认知障碍老年人的步态障碍或跌倒风险方面更敏感、有效。因此,关注MCI老年人认知功能的同时改善该人群步态障碍问题,可能对预防进一步跌倒和认知恶化具有重要意义。前期研究发现,惯性哑铃锻炼对MCI老年人的认知水平、生活质量与睡眠状态等健康指标具有积极影响,但对该人群的步态特征(特别是双任务步态)的干预效果尚未可知。因此,本研究的主要目的是观察12周惯性哑铃锻炼对MCI老年人单/双任务模式下步态参数的影响。研究方法:本研究是为期12周的干预性试验。21名MCI老年人(认知功能降低但尚未达到痴呆水平)纳入本研究,并被分为两组:干预组11名(年龄:69.2±3.5岁)和对照组10名(年龄68.6±2.3岁)。干预组受试者进行12周惯性哑铃运动干预(每周3次,每次1小时),对照组受试者不采取运动干预并保持原有生活状态不变。运动干预前-后,使用Vicon运动捕捉系统与测力台对两组受试者进行步态测试,获得其单任务与双任务步态的运动学数据,使用Visual3D软件计算步态参数,包括单步长、复步长、单支撑期、双支撑期、步速、步宽和双支撑占比。使用配对T检验和重复测量方差分析分别评估惯性哑铃训练前后两组受试者组内和组间步态参数的差异性。研究结果1.12周惯性哑铃干预后,干预组受试者单任务与双任务状态下的单支撑时间显著变短(?=-0.05s,T=2.99,P=0.01;?=0.06s,T=3.99,P0.01),但其他步态参数无显著变化(P0.05);对照组受试者在出现单/双任务步态的单支撑时间显著变短的同时,还表现为单/双任务状态下的双支撑占比显著增加(?=3.00%,T=2.86,P=0.02;?=5.00%,T=5.42,P=0.01),其他步态参数无显著变化(P0.05)。2.与对照组相比,12周惯性哑铃干预后,干预组受试者单任务与双任务状态下的各步态参数均未表现出显著的组间差异(P0.05)。研究结论12周惯性哑铃练习对MCI老年人的单/双任务状态下的步态特征未表现出明显干预效果。此外,12周后,对照组受试者出现一定程度的步态减退现象(双支撑占比显著增加),提示惯性哑铃锻炼可能对步态功能水平具有潜在的保持作用。由于本研究所使用的惯性哑铃干预方案主要针对MCI老年人的认知功能,并未特别针对下肢步态改善问题,未来研究仍需要增大样本量并针对MCI老年人问题制定针对性的惯性哑铃干预方案(或增加辅助性运动)在改善该人群认知功能的同时加强其步态控制能力,以提高惯性哑铃干预方式对认知障碍人群健康的全面改善效果。
[Abstract]:Background and objective mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an excessive state between normal aging and dementia. It is a pathological state of cognitive impairment, which is characterized by obvious memory impairment. In addition to cognitive function, MCI also showed significant gait disorders and a higher incidence of falls (twice as much as in healthy elderly people). In addition, the two-tasking gait pattern could simulate multitasking situations in real life. Compared with the traditional single-task gait, it is more sensitive and effective in assessing gait disorder or fall risk in the elderly with cognitive impairment. Therefore, attention should be paid to the cognitive function of the elderly with MCI while improving the gait disorder in this population. Previous studies have found that inertial dumbbell exercise has a positive effect on the cognitive level, quality of life and sleep state of the elderly with MCI. However, the effect of intervention on gait characteristics (especially two-task gait) in this population is not known. The main purpose of this study was to observe the effects of 12 weeks inertial dumbbell exercise on gait parameters of MCI elderly in single / double task mode. Reduced but not yet dementia) included in this study, They were divided into two groups: the intervention group (n = 11) (age: 69.2 卤3.5 years) and the control group (n = 10) (age 68.6 卤2.3). The subjects in the intervention group were treated with inertia dumbbell exercise for 12 weeks (3 times a week). One hour at a time, the subjects in the control group did not take exercise intervention and kept their original living state unchanged. Before and after the exercise intervention, the gait test was conducted by using the Vicon motion capture system and the force measuring table. The kinematics data of single and double task gait are obtained, and the gait parameters are calculated by Visual3D software, including single step length, complex step length, single support period, double support period, and step speed. The difference of gait parameters before and after inertial dumbbell training was evaluated by paired T test and repeated measurement variance analysis of variance. The results showed that after 1.12 weeks of inertial dumbbell intervention, the difference of gait parameters between the two groups was evaluated. In the intervention group, the duration of single support was significantly shortened under the condition of single task and double task. P0. 05s ~ 0. 05s ~ (2. 99) P ~ (0.01)? However, the other gait parameters did not change significantly (P 0.05). In the control group, the single support time of single / double task gait decreased significantly, and the proportion of double support increased significantly under single / double task. 3. 00. Tu 2.86. Pu. 02? There was no significant change in other gait parameters (P0.05U. 2). Compared with the control group, there was no significant change in other gait parameters after 12 weeks of inertial dumbbell intervention. There was no significant difference in gait parameters between groups in single task and two task states in the intervention group. Conclusion the gait characteristics of 12 weeks inertial dumbbell exercise on MCI elderly under single / one task state were not shown. In addition, 12 weeks later, In the control group, there was a certain degree of gait decline (the proportion of double support increased significantly, indicating that inertial dumbbell exercise may have a potential role in maintaining gait function level, as a result of the inertia dumbbell used in this study. The intervention program mainly aimed at the cognitive function of the elderly with MCI. Not specifically aimed at improving the gait of the lower extremities, Future studies still need to increase the sample size and develop a targeted inertial dumbbell intervention program (or increase supplementary exercise) for the elderly with MCI to improve their cognitive function and enhance their gait control ability. To improve the effect of inertia dumbbell intervention on the health of people with cognitive impairment.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R749.16;R455

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