无症状性颈动脉狭窄与认知功能障碍关系的研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-11 11:36

本文选题：颈动脉狭窄 + 认知障碍　；参考：《中国全科医学》2017年15期

【摘要】：颈动脉狭窄是导致缺血性卒中的危险因素,当其表现为脑缺血及视网膜缺血等时,称为有症状性颈动脉狭窄,如果没有这些临床症状,则称之为无症状性颈动脉狭窄。无症状性颈动脉狭窄虽无临床症状,却会导致认知功能减退,而认知功能减退的最终结局是痴呆,因此,无症状性颈动脉狭窄不容小觑。本文总结近年来关于无症状性颈动脉狭窄与认知功能障碍的研究发现,无症状性颈动脉狭窄是认知功能下降的独立危险因素,其通过破坏脑连接网络、损伤白质及灰质微观结构、降低脑灌注及干扰大脑皮质电生理活动等机制导致认知功能障碍。因此,对无症状性颈动脉狭窄进行早期临床干预[如颈动脉内膜剥脱术(CEA)及颈动脉内支架植入术(CAS)]对于预防和治疗认知功能障碍具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Carotid artery stenosis is a risk factor leading to ischemic stroke. It is called symptomatic carotid artery stenosis when its manifestations are cerebral ischemia and retinal ischemia. If it does not have these clinical symptoms, it is called asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis.Although asymptomatic carotid stenosis has no clinical symptoms, it will lead to cognitive dysfunction, and the final outcome of cognitive dysfunction is dementia. Therefore, asymptomatic carotid stenosis should not be underestimated.This paper summarizes the recent studies on asymptomatic carotid stenosis and cognitive dysfunction. It is found that asymptomatic carotid stenosis is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline, which destroys the network of brain connections.The impairment of microstructures of white matter and gray matter, the reduction of cerebral perfusion and the interference of electrophysiological activities of cerebral cortex lead to cognitive dysfunction.Therefore, early clinical intervention in asymptomatic carotid stenosis, such as carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid stenting (CASs), is of great significance in the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment.
【作者单位】：河北医科大学研究生学院;河北北方学院研究生部;河北省人民医院神经内科;
【基金】：河北省科技计划项目(142777870,16397795D) 2013年省级重大医学科研课题(zd2013005)
【分类号】：R749.13

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