青少年网络成瘾者人际关系特征及其综合干预研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 19:58

本文选题：网络成瘾 + 青少年　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：网络成瘾(Internet Addiction Disorder, IAD)是指在无成瘾物质作用下,过度使用网络所导致的一种明显的病态行为和认知适应不良的冲动控制障碍。国内外网络成瘾发生率约为5%-15%,它导致了一系的社会、心理功能问题,严重地影响了青少年正常发展。第一部分青少年网络成瘾流行病学调查目的：调查青少年网络成瘾流行病学特征。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法,选取武汉与麻城两地6所初中、4所高中、2所职高初一至高三年级4727名青少年进行问卷调查,有效样本3033名。采用自编一般情况调查表与Young网络成瘾诊断量表进行筛查、统计分析。结果：调查筛查出青少年网络成瘾者481人(15.9%)。男性网络成瘾检出率高于女性,初二年级网络成瘾检出率高于初一年级、平均每周上网时间长检出率高于平均每周上网时间短、网龄长网络成瘾检出率高于网龄短、网吧网络成瘾检出率高于其它上网地点检出率、不同上网目的网络成瘾检出率不同、以聊天、游戏、浏览网页、不学习、打发时间、下载信息、交友为目的网络成瘾检出率高于不以此为目的网络成瘾检出率,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),不同父亲职业类型检出率不同,差异有统计学意义(P=0.05)。武汉麻城两地、城市农村、家庭类型、父母亲教育程度、母亲职业类型检出率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论：武汉麻城两地流行学调查显示青少年网络成瘾者检出率较高(15.9%),需引起相关部门重视。男性、初二年级、较长上网时间、上网地点为网吧、上网动机为聊天、游戏、浏览网页、不学习、打发时间、下载信息、交友是青少年网络成瘾的危险因素,父亲职业类型与网络成瘾有关,父母亲教育程度、家庭类型、母亲职业类型、地域、城乡与网络成瘾无关。第二部分青少年网络成瘾人际关系特征目的：探讨青少年网络成瘾的人际关系特征,为网络成瘾综合干预提供参考。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取武汉与麻城两地6所初中、4所高中初一至高三年级4727名青少年进行问卷调查,有效样本3033名。采用自编一般情况调查表、Young网络成瘾问卷量表、长处与困难量表(学生版)、儿童少年生活质量量表对青少年进行心理特征评估与分析。结果：青少年网络成瘾者在亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系、人际关系总分得分显著低于非网络成瘾者(P0.001)；品行问题得分显著高于非网络成瘾者(P0.001),差异有统计学意义。相关分析显示,网络成瘾与亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系与人际关系总分呈负相关(P0.01),与品行问题呈正相关(P0.01),相关有统计学意义。多元逐步回归分析显示,品行问题与亲子关系、品行问题与同伴关系、品行问题与人际关系总分的交互效应显著(P0.001),品行问题与师生关系的交互效应不显著(P0.05)。结论：亲子关系、同伴关系、师生关系是青少年网络成瘾的保护因素,品行问题调节着亲子关系、同伴关系、人际关系对网络成瘾的影响。第三部分青少年网络成瘾综合干预目的：探讨网络成瘾综合干预效果,为网络成瘾预防与干预提供可选择的干预方案。方法：选取武汉市某中学、某网络成瘾干预机构青少年共87名。武汉市某中学采用学校常规综合干预,某网络成瘾干预机构采用营地综合干预。在干预前后分别对被试实施网络成瘾诊断量表、Barratt冲动量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、家庭功能评定问卷、儿童少年生活质量问卷调查。实验设计采用干预前后测设计。结果：营地干预组与学校干预组在干预后,网络成瘾分数均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。营地干预组的问题解决因子,焦虑与抑郁明显改善(P0.05),差异有统计学意义。学校干预组,焦虑水平,生活质量总体满意度、师生关系、同伴关系有明显改善(P0.05),差异有统计学意义。营地干预组与学校干预组冲动水平无明显改善(P0.05)。结论：营地干预与学校干预均能降低网络成瘾水平,综合干预能显著改善网络成瘾者的网络过度使用,可以作为网络成瘾有效干预方案。网络成瘾者可能是发展阶段过程中一个暂时问题,不同的干预环境均能改善网络成瘾水平。
[Abstract]:Internet addiction is a kind of impulse control disorder caused by excessive use of network under the action of addictive substance . The incidence of internet addiction is about 5 % -15 % , which leads to the social and psychological function of the system , which seriously affects the normal development of adolescents .

An Epidemiological Study on Internet Addiction in the First Part of Adolescents

Objective : To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of internet addiction among adolescents .

Methods : A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a questionnaire survey and statistical analysis of 3033 young people from 6 middle schools , 4 high schools and 2 junior high schools in Wuhan and Massachusetts . The samples were screened and analyzed by using the self - compiled general questionnaire and the Young Network Addiction Diagnostic Scale .

Results : 481 persons ( 15.9 % ) were screened out of Internet addiction . The prevalence rate of Internet addiction was higher than that in the first grade . The prevalence rate of Internet addiction was higher than that in the first grade . The prevalence rate of Internet addiction was higher than that of other Internet sites .

Conclusion : The prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents in Wuhan is higher ( 15.9 % ) , which needs to be paid attention to by relevant departments . Male , junior year , longer Internet time , online location is net bar , Internet motive is chat , game , browse webpage , don ' t study , send time , download information , friends is the risk factor of adolescent network addiction , father ' s occupation type is related to network addiction , parent education level , family type , mother ' s occupation type , geographical area , urban and rural area is independent of network addiction .

The characteristics of interpersonal relationship among adolescents in the second part

Objective : To explore the relationship between Internet addiction and Internet addiction , and to provide a reference for the comprehensive intervention of Internet addiction .

Methods : A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to investigate the psychological characteristics of adolescents by questionnaire survey and questionnaire survey among 4727 adolescents from 6 middle schools and 4 high schools in Wuhan and Massachusetts . The questionnaires were used to assess the psychological characteristics of adolescents by using the general questionnaire of self - editing , the Young Network Addiction Inventory Scale , the Long - term and Difficulties Scale ( Student Edition ) and the Child Life Quality Scale .

Results : The scores of adolescent network addicts in parent - child relationship , peer relationship , teacher - student relationship and interpersonal relationship were significantly lower than those of non - network addicts ( P0.001 ) ;
Correlation analysis showed that network addiction and parent - child relationship , peer - to - peer relationship , teacher - student relationship and interpersonal relationship were negatively correlated ( P0.01 ) .

Conclusion : Parent - child relationship , peer - to - peer relationship , teacher - student relationship are the protective factors of adolescent network addiction , and the question of quality regulates the influence of parent - child relationship , peer relationship and interpersonal relationship on internet addiction .

The Comprehensive Intervention of the Third Part of the Adolescents ' Network Addiction

Objective : To explore the effect of comprehensive intervention of internet addiction , and to provide an alternative intervention scheme for the prevention and intervention of internet addiction .

Methods : 87 young people from a middle school in Wuhan were selected and 87 young people were involved in a network addiction intervention . A general comprehensive intervention was used in a middle school in Wuhan . The network addiction diagnosis scale , Barratt impulse scale , anxiety self - rating scale , depression self - rating scale , family function assessment questionnaire , and children ' s life quality questionnaire were investigated before and after the intervention . The design was designed before and after the intervention .

Results : After intervention , the scores of internet addiction decreased significantly ( P0.05 ) . The problem of camp intervention group was significantly improved ( P0.05 ) . There was significant difference between the intervention group , anxiety level , life quality overall satisfaction , teacher - student relationship and peer relationship ( P0.05 ) . There was no significant difference in the impulse level between camp intervention group and school intervention group ( P0.05 ) .

Conclusion : Both camp intervention and school intervention can reduce the level of internet addiction . Comprehensive intervention can significantly improve the network overutilization of network addicts , and can be used as an effective intervention program for network addiction . Internet addicts may be a temporary problem during the development phase , and different intervention environments can improve the level of internet addiction .

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.99

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