重庆市三区县老年痴呆现况调查与影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 07:00

本文选题：老年痴呆 + 患病率　；参考：《重庆医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的世界正逐渐进入人口老龄化的社会,伴随老龄化进程加快,必将带来一系列的社会问题与公共卫生难题,有报告显示老年痴呆已大幅降低老年人晚年生活质量。本研究通过对重庆市三区县老年痴呆患病状况进行横断面调查,得出老年痴呆的患病率水平,并对影响其患病的危险因素和保护因素进行探讨,从而为决策部门制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法以多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,抽取重庆市巴南区、垫江县与奉节县60岁以上的老年人为调查对象,采用老年人一般情况调查表(自制)、简易智力状态量表(MMSE)、工具性日常生活活动能力量表(IADL)和老年人抑郁量表(GDS)开展一对一问卷调查。1、计量资料采用均数、标准差进行统计描述;计数资料采用频数、构成比描述。2、计数资料采用卡方检验进行组间率的比较。3、老年痴呆患病率为经临床医师确诊人数与调查人数之比。采用Logistic回归分析性别、年龄、文化程度等因素与老年痴呆的患病关系。结果发放问卷1900份,回收1850份,回收率97.37%。剔除不合格调查表69份,最终有效问卷1781份,有效回收率96.27%。老年痴呆186例,患病率为10.44%。老年痴呆的患病率在不同地区、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、是否吸烟、是否食用河鲜、锻炼、从事大强度劳动、常打麻将棋牌、肥胖、患有高血压、冠心病和抑郁组间的差异具有统计学意义;而在不同性别、是否饮酒、是否食用河鲜、宗教信仰、患有糖尿病、脑卒中、脑供血不足组间的差异无显著性差异。多因素Logistic回归分析显示高年龄段、独身、每天从事大强度劳动、患有冠心病、戒烟、常锻炼、每周至少参加一次小强度劳动、每天从事家务劳动、户外活动、看电视或听广播或读报纸、社会活动与老年痴呆有关。结论重庆市三区县老年痴呆的患病率较高,应重视老年痴呆症的预防和控制,重点关注年龄较大、独身、每天从事大强度劳动、患有冠心病的老年人。
[Abstract]:Objective the world is gradually entering an aging society. With the acceleration of the aging process, it will bring a series of social problems and public health problems. Some reports show that Alzheimer's disease has greatly reduced the quality of life of the elderly in their old age. Based on the cross-sectional investigation of the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease in the three districts of Chongqing, the prevalence level of senile dementia was obtained, and the risk factors and protective factors affecting the disease were discussed. So as to provide scientific basis for policy-making departments to formulate relevant intervention measures. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select the elderly over 60 years of age in Banan, Dianjiang and Fengjie counties of Chongqing. A one-to-one questionnaire was conducted with the General situation questionnaire for the elderly (Self-made, simple Mental State scale (MMSE), instrumental activity of Daily living scale (IADL) and Depression scale for the elderly (GDSs), and the measurement data were statistically described by means and standard deviation. The counting data were described by frequency and constitution ratio. The counting data were compared with each other by chi-square test. The prevalence rate of senile dementia was the ratio of the number of people diagnosed by clinical doctors and the number of people investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sex, age, education level and Alzheimer's disease. Results 1900 questionnaires were sent out, 1850 were recovered, and the recovery rate was 97.37. Out of 69 substandard questionnaires, 1781 valid questionnaires were obtained, and the effective recovery rate was 96.27.7%. There were 186 cases of senile dementia, the prevalence rate was 10.44%. The prevalence of dementia in different regions, age, marital status, education, smoking, whether to eat fresh river, exercise, heavy labor, often play mahjong chess, obesity, high blood pressure, The difference between CHD and depression group was statistically significant, but there was no significant difference between the groups of different sex, whether drinking alcohol, eating river fresh, religious belief, suffering from diabetes, stroke, cerebral blood supply insufficiency. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that high age group, celibate, heavy daily labor, coronary heart disease, quitting smoking, regular exercise, at least once a week, daily housework, outdoor activities, Watching TV or listening to radio or reading newspapers, social activities associated with Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion the prevalence of senile dementia is high in three districts of Chongqing. The prevention and control of Alzheimer's disease should be paid more attention to, especially to the elderly who are older, celibate, work hard every day and suffer from coronary heart disease.
【学位授予单位】：重庆医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R749.16

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