重庆市990名农村老年人精神卫生状况及其影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-05-10 22:13

本文选题：精神卫生 + 老年人　；参考：《重庆医学》2014年07期

【摘要】：目的探讨重庆市农村老年人的精神卫生状况及其影响因素。方法采用多级分层随机抽样方法,抽取60岁及以上的重庆市农村常住老年人口990名进行调查。以筛查量表筛选出可疑精神病阳性者,并根据《中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准》(第3版)及《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》(第4版)进行复查诊断;对无精神病者,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、纽芬兰幸福度量表、社会支持评定量表、修订艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版进行心理测试。结果 (1)990名老年人中,精神病筛选阳性率为24.04%(238/990),现患病率为19.43%(193/990),分别诊断为乙醇所致精神障碍(11.4%)、器质性精神障碍(5.96%)、心境障碍和其他精神病性障碍(2.12%)。(2)797名非精神病老年人中,一般心理健康问题检出率为17.17%(124/722),其中家庭组的检出率及SCL-90总分均显著高于机构组[检出率20.24%vs.3.73%,χ2=20.90,P=0.000;SCL-90总分(109.14±11.77)分vs.(100.59±7.87)分,t=-8.01,P=0.000]。(3)SCL-90总分显示,女性、无配偶、有负性生活事件、独居、有慢性病、收入较差的老年人心理健康状况较差,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)农村老年人SCL-90总分与幸福度总分、正性情感、正性体验、社会支持及各维度、内外向呈显著负相关,与负性情感、负性体验、神经质、精神质呈显著正相关,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。(5)负性情感、精神质、慢性病、养老方式、婚姻状况、是否独居、社会支持总分、神经质进入回归方程,决定系数R2=0.346。结论 1/3以上的农村老年人有精神卫生问题,养老方式对老年人心理健康的影响最明显;防治乙醇所致精神障碍、转变养老方式仍然是当前农村老年精神卫生工作的重点。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the mental health status of the elderly in rural areas of Chongqing and its influencing factors. Methods 990 rural residents aged 60 and above were investigated by multistage stratified random sampling. The patients with suspected psychosis were screened out by screening scale, and were re-diagnosed according to Chinese Classification and Diagnostic criteria for Mental Disorder (3rd Edition) and American Manual of diagnosis and Statistics of Mental Disorder (4th Edition). SCL-90, Newfoundland Happiness Metrics, Social support rating scale and Chinese version of Eysenck Personality questionnaire were used for psychological test. Results among 990 elderly people, the positive rate of psychosis screening was 24.0423 / 990 / 990, and the current prevalence rate was 19.43 / 990 / 990, respectively. The diagnosis of ethanol-induced mental disorders was 11.440%, organic mental disorders 5.96%, mood disorders and other psychotic disorders 2.1212.20.797 non-psychotic elderly people. The detection rate of general mental health problems was 17.17 / 124 / 722, and the detection rate and SCL-90 total score of family group were significantly higher than those of institutional group [20.24vs.3.73, 蠂 220.90 P0. 000 + SCL-90 total score 109.14 卤11.77 vs.(100.59 卤7.87]. The total score of SCL-90 showed that female, no spouse, negative life event, living alone, having chronic disease. The mental health status of the elderly with poor income was poor, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).) the total score of SCL-90 and the total score of happiness, positive emotion, positive experience, social support and each dimension were significantly negatively correlated with the negative emotion in rural areas, and there was a significant negative correlation between the total score of SCL-90 and the total score of happiness degree, positive emotion, positive experience, social support and each dimension. Negative experience, neuroticism, psychoticism were significantly positively correlated, and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05. 05) negative emotion, psychoticism, chronic disease, old-age style, marital status, whether living alone, total social support score, neuroticism entered the regression equation. The coefficient of determination is 0.346. Conclusion more than one third of the rural elderly have mental health problems, and the effect of old-age care on mental health of the elderly is the most obvious, and prevention and treatment of ethanol-induced mental disorders and transformation of old-age care are still the focus of mental health work in rural areas.
【作者单位】：重庆市精神卫生中心老年科;
【基金】：重庆市卫生局医学科研计划资助项目(2010-2-336)
【分类号】：R749

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