普罗布考对血管性痴呆大鼠经由JNK途径的脑保护作用
发布时间:2018-05-13 23:35
本文选题:血管性痴呆 + 普罗布考 ; 参考:《河北医科大学》2014年硕士论文
【摘要】:目的:血管性痴呆(vascular dementia, VD)指脑血管病变引起的脑损害所致的痴呆。是在Alzheimer病(AD)之后第二常见的痴呆。发病机制一般认为是脑血管病的病灶涉及额叶、颞叶及边缘系统,或病灶损害了足够容量的脑组织,导致高级认知功能的严重受损。目前对于VD的分子机制研究已日渐成为科学家们研究的热点问题。主要有兴奋性氨基酸毒性、胆碱能缺陷、自由基损伤、炎症反应、神经细胞凋亡等。近年来,神经细胞凋亡与VD的关系越来越受到科学家们的关注。 c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)又称应激激活蛋白激酶(SAPK),是丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶(MAPKs)超家族的一员。大量实验提示,JNK信号通路在细胞增殖、细胞凋亡、氧化应激及多种人类疾病的发生发展中扮演着重要角色。已有研究表明,应用特异性JNK抑制剂可有效地阻断JNK信号通路从而有效地调控细胞凋亡。 普罗布考是一种非他汀类血脂调节药物。目前国内外研究表明,普罗布考在AD大鼠中具有显著的脑保护作用,而其在VD中的治疗鲜有报道。本实验通过观察VD大鼠海马组织神经细胞的凋亡情况及JNK及P-JNK水平的变化,探讨JNK信号通路在VD中的作用及普罗布考对VD大鼠的脑保护作用机制,为VD的临床治疗及普罗布考的临床应用提供依据。 方法:选取健康雄性Sprague-Dawley (SD)大鼠,随机分为假手术组、模型组、普罗布考组,每组10只,采用永久性结扎双侧颈总动脉的方法建立血管性痴呆大鼠模型。普罗布考组灌胃给予普罗布考500mg/kg/d,假手术组和模型组给予等量溶剂。给药8周后,行Morris水迷宫实验,对各组大鼠学习记忆能力进行测试,,行为学测试完毕后取材,采用流式细胞术评估海马区神经细胞凋亡程度,用免疫组织化学方法和免疫印迹法(westernblot)测定海马区JNK和p-JNK蛋白的表达水平。 结果: 1行为学测定 1.1逃避潜伏期结果 水迷宫定位航行实验表明,从训练的第2天开始至结束,三组大鼠逃避潜伏期均有下降的趋势,说明训练可以增强学习能力。各组大鼠间学习记忆能力存在差异(F=15.34,P<0.05),与假手术组相比,模型组与普罗布考组大鼠第1-4天的逃避潜伏期时间均明显延长(P<0.05);与模型组相比,普罗布考组大鼠第2-4天的逃避潜伏期时间明显缩短(P<0.05),第1天无显著差异(P>0.05)。 1.2穿越平台次数结果 第5天测定的穿越平台次数表示大鼠的空间记忆能力,穿越平台次数越多记忆能力越强。与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠穿越平台次数明显减少(P<0.05);与模型组相比,普罗布考组大鼠穿越平台次数明显增多(P<0.05);普罗布考组与假手术组相比,大鼠穿越平台次数无显著差异(P>0.05)。各组大鼠随着训练时间的推移,训练次数的增多,寻找平台的方式在不断变化,寻找平台的时间都在缩短,说明学习锻炼可以增强空间记忆能力。 2普罗布考对大鼠海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡的影响 流式细胞术细胞周期定量分析表明,假手术组未见明显的凋亡峰,虽也有自发性细胞凋亡发生,但细胞凋亡百分率很低,仅为(5.06±2.52)%;模型组细胞凋亡率为(11.27±2.67)%,较假手术组显著增高(P<0.05);普罗布考组细胞凋亡率为(6.57±1.47)%,较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);普罗布考组与假手术组相比较虽然也有一定程度的增高,但无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 3普罗布考对大鼠海马CA1区JNK及p-JNK蛋白表达结果的影响 3.1免疫组织化学染色结果 大鼠海马CA1区p-JNK、JNK蛋白表达的阳性细胞情况:假手术组和普罗布考组大鼠海马区仅见很少的p-JNK阳性神经元。模型组部分海马细胞体积缩小,细胞带不连贯,可见较多的p-JNK阳性神经元。模型组与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠海马CA1区p-JNK蛋白表达的阳性细胞数明显增多(P㩳0.05);与模型组相比,普罗布考组大鼠海马CA1区p-JNK蛋白表达的阳性细胞数明显减少(P㩳0.05);普罗布考组与假手术组相比,大鼠海马CA1区p-JNK蛋白表达的阳性细胞数无明显差异(P>0.05)。三组间比较,JNK蛋白表达的阳性细胞数均无明显差异(F=0.54,P>0.05)。 3.2western blot结果 大鼠海马p-JNK、JNK蛋白的表达水平情况:模型组与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠海马区p-JNK蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.05);普罗布考组与模型组相比,普罗布考组大鼠海马区p-JNK蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);普罗布考组与假手术组相比,大鼠海马区p-JNK蛋白的表达水平也有差异,普罗布考组显著高于假手术组(P<0.05)。三组间比较,大鼠海马区JNK蛋白的表达水平均无明显差异(P>0.05)。 三组间p-JNK/JNK值的比较:模型组与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠海马区p-JNK/JNK值明显增高(P<0.05);普罗布考组与模型组相比,普罗布考组大鼠海马区p-JNK/JNK值明显降低(P<0.05);普罗布考组与假手术组相比,大鼠海马区p-JNK/JNK值略增高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论: 1.普罗布考可以减轻VD大鼠海马区神经元凋亡,改善其学习记忆能力。 2.VD大鼠海马区p-JNK/JNK值明显增加,说明JNK信号通路参与了VD的发病过程。 3.普罗布考可以降低VD大鼠海马区p-JNK/JNK值,提示抑制氧化应激所致的凋亡可能是普罗布考改善VD大鼠空间学习记忆障碍的作用机制之一。
[Abstract]:Objective: vascular dementia (VD) refers to dementia caused by brain damage caused by cerebrovascular disease. It is the second common dementia after Alzheimer disease (AD). The pathogenesis is generally thought to be cerebral vascular disease involving frontal lobe, temporal lobe and marginal system, or lesions that damage the brain tissue of sufficient capacity, leading to advanced cognitive function. The study of molecular mechanism of VD has become a hot topic of scientists' research. It mainly includes excitatory amino acid toxicity, cholinergic defect, free radical damage, inflammatory reaction, and nerve cell apoptosis. In recent years, the relationship between neuronal apoptosis and VD has attracted more and more scientists' attention.
C-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK), also known as stress activated protein kinase (SAPK), is a member of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPKs) superfamily. A large number of experiments suggest that the JNK signaling pathway plays an important role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the development of various human diseases. Inhibitors can effectively block the JNK signaling pathway and effectively regulate apoptosis.
Probucol is a non statin lipid regulating drug. Current research at home and abroad has shown that probucol has significant brain protection in AD rats, and its treatment in VD is rarely reported. By observing the apoptosis and the changes of JNK and P-JNK levels in the hippocampal neurons of VD rats, this study explored the JNK signaling pathway in VD. The role of probucol in the brain protection of VD rats provides evidence for the clinical treatment of VD and the clinical application of probucol.
Methods: healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group and probucol group, with 10 rats in each group. The model of vascular dementia rats was established by permanent ligature of bilateral common carotid artery. The probucol group was given 500mg/kg/d, the sham operation group and the model group were given the same amount of solvent. The drug was given 8. After week, the Morris water maze test was carried out to test the learning and memory ability of rats in each group. After the behavior test was completed, flow cytometry was used to evaluate the degree of neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. The expression level of JNK and p-JNK protein in the hippocampus was measured by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting (Westernblot).
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