吸毒人员营养状况评估及血清Ghrelin和Leptin水平检测的研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 18:57

本文选题：吸毒 + 海洛因　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：毒品进入机体后可致多系统发生病变。吸毒人员普遍存在消化道症状,影响吸毒人员的营养状况,营养不良发生率高。营养不良可影响吸毒人员的康复治疗和导致复吸。因此,全面了解和评估吸毒人员的营养状况,给予营养支持促进吸毒人员的康复具有重要的意义。另一方面,生长激素释放肽(Ghrelin)和瘦素(Leptin)是两种参与机体能量代谢的激素,两者的变化均可影响机体的营养状况。因此本研究通过调查100名吸毒人员临床资料和消化道症状发生情况,评估吸毒人员的营养状况,同时检测吸毒人员血清Ghrelin和Leptin水平,以探讨吸毒人员发生营养不良有关机制,为戒毒治疗提供新思路。方法：采用精神活性物质滥用者基本情况调查表、简易营养评价法(MNA)对100名吸毒人员进行问卷调查和营养评价,同时采用问卷形式调查吸毒人员的消化道症状。利用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测100名吸毒人员和25名对照组血清中Ghrelin和Leptin水平。结果：100名吸毒人员中,60名海洛因吸食者,40名冰毒吸食者。60名海洛因吸食者中烫吸23例,肌肉注射10例,静脉注射27例；吸食时间为12-158月；在消化道症状中,便秘53例(88.3%),呕吐50例(83.3%),腹泻38例(63.3%),腹胀15例(25%),腹痛20例(33.3%)；利用MNA评估发现,营养不良者40例(66.7%),存在营养不良风险者19例(31.7%),营养良好者1例(1.6%)。40名冰毒吸食者中采用冰壶吸食；吸食时间为2-40月；在消化道症状中,呕吐18例(45.0%),腹泻11例(27.5%),腹痛9例(22.5%),腹胀16例(40.0%),便秘20例(50.0%)；利用MNA评价发现,营养不良者24例(60.0%),存在营养不良风险者9例(22.5%),营养良好者7例(17.5%)。有无营养不良风险与吸毒方式、吸毒时间组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),与消化道症状、毒品的种类组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。吸毒人员血清Ghrelin水平低于对照组(640.49±93.57pg/ml vs1072.12±209.5pg/ml,p0.05);冰毒吸食组高于海洛因吸食组(p0.05)；无消化道症状组高于有消化道症状组(p0.05)；无营养不良组高于营养不良组(p0.05)无营养不良风险组高于存在营养不良风险组(p0.05)。吸毒人员血清Leptin水平高于对照组(463.96±96.72pg/ml vs333.47±77.47pg/ml,p0.05)；海洛因吸食组高于冰毒吸食组(p0.05)；有消化道症状组高于无症状组(p0.05)；营养不良组于无营养不良组(p0.05)；存在营养不良风险组高于无营养不良风险组(p0.05)。不同吸毒方式和吸毒时间组间血Ghrelin和Leptin比较,差异无统计学意义(p0.05)。结论：100名吸毒人员有不同程度的消化道症状,多数存在营养不良和营养不良风险,提示吸毒人员进行营养评估和营养支持,促进康复治疗,具有重要的意义。吸毒人员血清Ghrelin和1Leptin水平改变,提示可能参与吸毒人员营养不良的发生过程。
[Abstract]:Objective: drugs can cause multiple system lesions when they enter the body. The prevalence of digestive tract symptoms in drug addicts affects their nutritional status and the incidence of malnutrition is high. Malnutrition can affect the rehabilitation of drug addicts and lead to relapse. Therefore, comprehensive understanding and evaluation of the nutritional status of drug addicts, nutritional support to promote the rehabilitation of drug addicts has important significance. On the other hand, growth hormone releasing peptide (ghrelin) and leptin (Leptin) are two hormones involved in energy metabolism. Therefore, this study investigated the clinical data and digestive tract symptoms of 100 drug addicts, assessed the nutritional status of drug addicts, and detected the serum levels of Ghrelin and Leptin in drug addicts in order to explore the mechanism of malnutrition among drug addicts. To provide new ideas for drug treatment. Methods: the questionnaire of psychoactive substance abusers and the simple nutrition evaluation method MNAwere used to investigate the symptoms of digestive tract of 100 drug addicts. The serum levels of Ghrelin and Leptin were measured by Elisa in 100 drug addicts and 25 controls. Results among the 100 drug addicts, 60 heroin addicts and 40 methamphetamine addicts. Among the 60 heroin addicts, 23 were burned, 10 were injected intramuscularly and 27 were injected intravenously. The smoking time was 12-158 months. There were 53 cases with constipation, 50 cases with vomiting, 38 cases with diarrhea and 63.3%, 15 cases with abdominal distension and 25 cases with abdominal pain, 20 cases with abdominal pain, 40 cases with malnutrition, 19 cases with risk of malnutrition, and 1 case with good nutrition. The smoking time was 2-40 months, among which 18 cases had vomiting, 11 cases had diarrhea, 9 cases had abdominal pain, 9 cases had abdominal pain, 16 cases had abdominal distension and 40.0m, 20 cases had constipation, 24 cases had malnutrition, 9 cases had malnutrition risk, 7 cases had good nutrition, 7 cases had good nutrition, 20 cases had constipation, 24 cases had malnutrition, 9 cases had malnutrition risk, and 7 cases had good nutrition. There was no significant difference in the risk of malnutrition and drug use, and there was no significant difference in drug use time group (P 0.05), but there was significant difference between the groups with digestive tract symptoms and drug types (P 0.05). The serum Ghrelin level of drug addicts was lower than that of control group (640.49 卤209.5pg / ml 路ml / ml), the level of meth addiction was higher than that of heroin addicts (P 0.05), the digestive tract symptom group was higher than that of digestive tract symptom group (P 0.05), the malnutrition group was higher than that of malnutrition group (p 0.05) and the risk group of malnutrition was higher than that of non-dystrophy group (P < 0.05). In the group with malnutrition risk, p0.05. The serum Leptin level of drug addicts was higher than that of the control group (463.96 卤77.47pg / ml), the heroin group was higher than the meth addiction group (P 0.05), the digestive tract symptom group was higher than the asymptomatic group (p 0.05), the malnutrition group was higher than that of the control group (p 0.05), and the risk group of malnutrition was higher than that of the non-malnutrition risk group (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in blood Ghrelin and Leptin between different drug use methods and drug use time groups (P 0.05). Conclusion 100 drug addicts have different digestive tract symptoms, and most of them have malnutrition and malnutrition risk, which suggests that it is important for drug addicts to carry out nutritional evaluation and nutritional support and promote rehabilitation treatment. The changes of serum Ghrelin and 1Leptin levels suggest that drug addicts may be involved in the process of malnutrition.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.64

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