重视阿尔茨海默病和老年痴呆症的人群干预研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 16:40

本文选题：阿尔茨海默病 + 老年痴呆症　；参考：《山东大学学报(医学版)》2017年10期

【摘要】：随着老龄人口的基数和所占比重增加,阿尔茨海默病(AD)和老年痴呆症给现代老龄社会带来巨大的经济和社会负担,并成为全球公共卫生领域优先考虑的课题。老年痴呆症和AD目前尚无药物治愈方法,但流行病学研究表明,心血管危险因素及相关心血管疾病和社会心理因素等可控因素在痴呆症和AD的发生、发展及临床表现中起重要作用,其中,心血管危险因素(吸烟、高血压、糖尿病等)可通过导致脑血管性和神经退行性疾病促使老年痴呆临床发病,而社会心理因素(文化程度、丰富社交网和智力刺激活动等)则可通过增加认知储存有助于保持晚年认知功能。因此,理论上针对这些可控因素实施干预有可能预防或延迟老年痴呆症和AD发病。近年来,国外大规模人群干预研究初步显示,强化对心血管危险因素的监控、平衡饮食、体力锻炼和认知训练等多模干预方案有助于保持老年痴呆症高危老龄人群的认知功能。我国应重视老年痴呆症和AD的人群干预研究,以期探索出适合我国种族人群特征的有效干预方案,为制定有效应对老年痴呆症挑战的国家行动计划提供依据。
[Abstract]:With the increase of population base and proportion, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's disease (Alzheimer's disease) bring a huge economic and social burden to modern aging society, and become a priority issue in the field of global public health. There is no drug cure for Alzheimer's disease and AD, but epidemiological studies have shown that cardiovascular risk factors and controllable factors such as cardiovascular disease and psychosocial factors are associated with dementia and AD. Development and clinical manifestations play an important role in which cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, hypertension, diabetes, etc.) can contribute to the clinical onset of Alzheimer's disease by causing cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Social psychological factors (educational level, rich social network and intellectual stimulation) can help maintain cognitive function in old age by increasing cognitive storage. Therefore, theoretically, intervention against these controllable factors may prevent or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease and AD. In recent years, foreign large-scale population intervention studies have shown that strengthening the monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors, balanced diet, physical exercise and cognitive training and other multi-model intervention programs can help to maintain the cognitive function of elderly people at high risk of Alzheimer's disease. Our country should pay attention to the study of population intervention of Alzheimer's disease and AD in order to find out an effective intervention scheme suitable to the characteristics of ethnic groups in our country and to provide the basis for making a national plan of action to deal with the challenge of Alzheimer's disease effectively.
【作者单位】：卡罗林斯卡医学院神经生物学护理科学和社会学系衰老研究中心;济宁医学院公共卫生学院;山东大学附属省立医院神经内科;
【基金】：山东省重点研发计划(重大关键技术)(2016ZDJS07A11)
【分类号】：R749.16

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