广泛性焦虑障碍患者情绪面孔无意识加工的事件相关电位研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 22:07

本文选题：广泛性焦虑障碍 + 事件相关电位　；参考：《大连医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：广泛性焦虑障碍(Generalized anxiety disorder, GAD)又称慢性焦虑，临床以对日常事件或活动的紧张不安及过度焦虑感为特征。尽管目前广泛性焦虑障碍的发病机制研究尚未取得一致性的结论，但多数研究普遍提示情绪信息的加工异常可能是广泛性焦虑障碍的重要发病机制之一。信息无意识加工的特点为无或极少意识参与的信息加工过程，不占用注意资源，无需意识发动。结合临床GAD患者表现为无明确对象或固定内容的紧张不安及过度焦虑感，推测GAD患者对情绪信息的加工异常很可能发生于无意识水平。情绪信息加工的研究表明，，情绪面孔所传达的信息更容易以无意识方式进行加工。事件相关电位（event-related potentials, ERP）技术可以将时间精确到毫秒，能锁时性的反映大脑认知加工的动态过程，是研究无意识加工的最佳技术手段。本研究目的是利用事件相关电位方法探讨广泛性焦虑障碍患者对情绪面孔无意识加工的特点，并进一步分析不同情绪内容有无特异性。方法：本研究采用阈下情绪启动任务应用64导Neuroscan脑电生理仪来记录事件相关电位。记录脑电后进行离线分析，分别测量额区、顶区、枕区及中央区不同情绪面孔诱发的P1成分和P3a成分的平均波幅及潜伏期。采用重复测量方差分析(Repeated measure ANOVA)对两组ERP成分的平均波幅和潜伏期进行统计分析。结果： 1.两组被试在恐惧面孔条件下的情感等级评分存在显著的组别差异(F_(1,28)=15.296, p 0.05)，GAD组的情感等级评分（4.521±0.221）明显高于对照组（4.159±0.282）。 2.患者组的P1、P3a波幅均明显高于对照组，有统计学意义（p 0.01）。对情绪效应进一步分析发现，仅在患者组两种情绪面孔具有统计学差异(p 0.05),表现为恐惧面孔诱发的P1波幅（12.634±0.057）大于高兴面孔诱发的P1波幅(7.554±0.072)，而高兴面孔诱发的P3a波幅(10.077±0.032)大于恐惧面孔诱发的P3a波幅（8.326±0.032）。 3.P1成分的峰值潜伏期存在显著的组别主效应，有统计学意义（F_(1,28)=3.598,p 0.01），表现为患者组的P1峰值潜伏期（100.579±0.46）较对照组（139.575±0.46）明显提前。 4.两种ERP成分的波幅均表现为右侧半球波幅高于左侧半球波幅(p 0.01)。结论： 1.广泛性焦虑障碍患者存在情绪面孔的无意识加工异常。 2.广泛性焦虑障碍患者对情绪面孔的无意识加工异常存在情绪内容特异性，表现为对负性情绪的无意识加工增强。 3.广泛性焦虑障碍患者对情绪信息的自动加工存在加工偏侧化，以右侧半球加工为优势。
[Abstract]:Objective: generalized anxiety disorder, GAD), also known as chronic anxiety, is characterized by nervousness and overanxiety about daily events or activities. Although the research on the pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder has not reached a consistent conclusion, most studies generally suggest that abnormal processing of emotional information may be one of the important pathogenesis of generalized anxiety disorder. The process of information unconscious processing is characterized by unconsciousness or little participation in the process of information processing, which does not occupy attention resources and does not require conscious initiation. Combined with the nervous and excessive anxiety in clinical GAD patients with no definite object or fixed content, it is speculated that abnormal processing of emotional information in GAD patients is likely to occur at the unconscious level. The research of emotional information processing shows that emotional faces convey information more easily and unconsciously. Event-related potentials (ERPs), which can accurately time to millisecond, can reflect the dynamic process of cognitive processing in the brain and is the best technique to study unconscious processing. The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of unconscious processing of emotional faces in patients with generalized anxiety disorder by means of event-related potentials, and to further analyze the specificity of different emotional contents. Methods: a 64-lead Neuroscan electrophysiological instrument was used to record event-related potentials. After recording the EEG, the average amplitude and latency of P1 and P3a components induced by different emotional faces in frontal, parietal, occipital and central regions were measured. The average amplitude and latency of two groups of ERP components were statistically analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA. Results: 1. There was a significant difference in the scores of affective grade between the two groups under the condition of fear face. The scores of affective grade of the two groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (4.159 卤0.282), while the scores of the affective grade of the GAD group were 4.521 卤0.221 and 4.159 卤0.282 respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the control group (4.159 卤0.282). 2. The amplitudes of P _ (1) P _ (3) a in the patients group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). Further analysis of emotional effects found that, Only in the patients group, there was a statistical difference between the two emotional faces (P < 0.05), which showed that the P1 amplitude induced by fear faces was 12.634 卤0.057), which was higher than that of happy faces (7.554 卤0.072), while the P3a amplitude induced by happy faces was 10.077 卤0.032), which was higher than that induced by fear faces (8.326 卤0.032). The peak latency of 3.P1 was significantly earlier than that of control group (P < 0.05 卤0.46), and the peak latency of 3.P1 was significantly earlier than that of control group (P < 0.01), which was significantly earlier than that of control group (P < 0.01). The peak latency of P 1 was 100.579 卤0.46 in the patient group and 139.575 卤0.46 in the control group. 4. The amplitudes of the two ERP components were higher in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere. Conclusion: 1. In patients with generalized anxiety disorder, the unconscious processing of emotional faces is abnormal. 2. The abnormal unconscious processing of emotional faces in patients with generalized anxiety disorder has emotional content specificity, which is manifested by the enhancement of unconscious processing of negative emotions. 3. The automatic processing of emotional information in patients with generalized anxiety disorder is lateralized, with the advantage of right hemisphere processing.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.72

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