北京地区公司职员群体心理健康状况调查及其相关影响因素的研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 23:02

本文选题：公司职员 + 人格　；参考：《北京中医药大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究背景随着现代社会工作和生活节奏加快,竞争的日益激烈,房价物价的攀升,人们承受的心理压力也日益增大,尤其是一线大城市居民的心理健康问题已表现的越来越严重。其中以抑郁症的发病率上升最为明显。抑郁症十分常见,以显著而持久的心境低落为主要表现,可对个体的社会功能造成严重危害,甚至引发自杀,而对于社会而言,将产生严重的医疗经济负担。公司职员作为社会财富的主要创造者,社会经济增长的主要贡献者,其心理健康状况不容忽视。而目前针对于该人群的研究较少,研究者更多的关注大学生、中学生、老年人等群体的心理健康状况。因此,关注公司职员群体的心理健康状态,根据该类人群的特点,结合中医治未病的思想,早期预防,早期干预,从而提高其整体心理健康水平,对于整个社会的进步与发展,有着极其重要的意义。目的本研究为对北京地区公司职员人群心理健康状况的评测,以综合量表为筛选手段,对该人群的心理学变化特点进行评价,同时对量表间的内在关联进行分析,探讨导致该人群产生抑郁症状的主要因素,提出相关建议与对策,维护该人群的心理健康。研究方法 2010年9月～2011年12月间对590名北京地区不同类型,不同行业的公司职员发放调查问卷,问卷包括世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL－BREF).流调中心用抑郁量表(CES.D)、中国生活事件量表(LES)及大五人格问卷(Neo-FFI). 结果 1403名公司职员的抑郁症状检出率为27.54%(CES-D得分≥16分),其中可能有抑郁症状者占37.84%,肯定有抑郁症状者占29.73%,重度抑郁症状者占32.43%； 2不同亚群公司职员CES-D量表得分比较显示,不同年龄、不同婚姻状态、参与体育锻炼与否、进行自我保健与否的公司职员的抑郁症状检出率及CES-D量表分数比较有统计学差异(P0.05),其中20-29岁、未婚、不参加体育锻炼、不进行自我保健的职员抑郁症状检出率高,CES-D量表分数高；不同性别、不同月收入、不同学历、吸烟与否、饮酒与否、是否是北京出生的公司职员抑郁症状检出率及CES-D量表分数比较无统计学差异(P0.05)； 3有抑郁症状与无抑郁症状公司职员WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、LES量表得分、负性生活事件分数、大五人格问卷中的情绪稳定性、外向性、随和性及责任心评分比较具有统计学差异(P0.05),有抑郁症状的职员LES量表得分、负性生活事件得分、情绪稳定性(神经质)得分高于无抑郁症状职员,同时他们的WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、外向性、随和性及责任心比无抑郁症状职员差； 4不同抑郁程度的公司职员WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、生存质量总评、生理心理领域评价得分比较有统计学差异(P0.05),其中可能抑郁者WHOQOL-BREF量表得分、心理领域评分最高,肯定抑郁者生存质量总评最高；其LES量表得分、负性生活事件得分的比较无统计学差异(P0.05)； 5不同亚群公司职员WHOQOL-BREF量表评分比较结果显示,不同月收入的公司职员的生存质量总评比较有统计学差异(P0.05),其中月收入6000元以上总评最高,3000元以下最低；不同婚姻状态的公司职员对WHOQOL-BREF量表评分、生理、心理及环境领域的评价比较有统计学差异(P0.05),已婚职员的上述评分好于未婚职员；不同学历、不同出生地的公司职员WHOQOL-BREF量表评分比较无统计学差异(P0.05)； 6公司职员中发生频率最高的5件事为：工作学习中压力大41.44%、对现职工作不满意34.99%、恋爱或订婚32.75%、住房紧张27.79%、开始就业26.30%。不同年龄的公司职员LES量表得分比较有统计学差异(P0.05),其中20-29岁的职员该量表得分最高。不同性别、不同婚姻状态公司职员生活事件得分的比较无统计学差异(P0.05)； 7CES-D量表评分与WHOQOL-BREF量表评分及各维度评分成显著负相关(P0.05),说明CES-D量表分数对生存质量总评、健康状态总评及各领域均有显著影响,抑郁症状越显著,生存质量总评、健康状态总评及各领域的评价越低,其中抑郁症状和心理、生理关系最为密切； 8LES量表中负性生活事件得分与WHOQOL-BREF量表评分及各维度评分成显著负相关(P0.05),其中对环境和健康状态总评的影响最显著； 9LES量表中负性家庭生活事件得分与WHOQOL-BREF量表中的生存质量总评、健康状态总评及除去社会关系的各维度评分呈显著负相关(P0.05),而与社会关系领域评分无显著相关性(P0.05)；负性工作学习生活事件得分与WHOQOL-BREF量表总评及各领域得分均成显著负相关(P0.05),其中心理、生理领域与负性工作学习生活事件关系最为密切；负性社会交往生活事件分数与WHOQOL-BREF量表健康状态总评、心理及社会关系领域得分呈显著负相关(P0.05),与生存质量总评及生理、环境领域得分均无显著相关性(P0.05),其中健康状态总评与负性社会交往生活事件关系最为密切； 10LES量表中的负性生活事件得分与CES-D量表得分成显著正相关(P0.05),说明负性生活事件对公司职员的抑郁症状有显著影响,其中负性工作学习生活事件对公司职员的抑郁症状影响最为显著； 11NEO-FFI量表中情绪稳定性、外向性、开明性、随和性和责任心五个维度得分与CES-D)量表得分均呈显著相关关系(P0.05),其中CES-D量表分数与情绪稳定性呈显著正相关关系(P0.05),与其他四个维度呈显著负相关关系(P0.05),而情绪稳定性得分与CES-D量表分数相关度最高,说明公司职员的情绪受到其人格特征的影响,情绪稳定性的程度对其情绪影响最显著。结论 1北京地区公司职员人群心理健康状况不容忽视,抑郁症状检出率高于课题组此前调查的农民工群体及在京大学生群体,应给予足够的关注和重视。 2公司职员抑郁症状同年龄、婚姻状态、参与体育锻炼、进行自我保健、负性生活事件、负性工作学习生活事件、个性中的情绪稳定性、外向性、随和程度及责任心有密切的关系。公司职员的生存质量同月收入、婚姻状态、负性生活事件、抑郁症状密切相关。年龄不同,公司职员的生活事件有显著差异。 3建议从公司、个人、家庭、社会四个不同的层面,采取相应的措施,维护公司职员人群心理健康。调查过程中,出现公司职员人群对抑郁症等精神疾患的高度关注和不适度恐慌,提示有关行业主管部门对精神疾患预防工作的急需和必要性；建议加强正面宣传和专业引导,以提高我国公众对抑郁症等精神疾患的认知度和正确防范意识,尤其是强化早期防范及早期干预心理认同度。
[Abstract]:Research background
With the rapid pace of work and life in the modern society, the increasingly fierce competition and the rising price of house prices, the psychological pressure of people is increasing. Especially, the mental health problems of the residents in the large cities are becoming more and more serious. Among them, the incidence of depression is most obvious.
Depression is very common, with a significant and persistent depression as the main manifestation, which can cause serious harm to the social function of the individual and even lead to suicide, and for the society, it will produce a serious medical economic burden.
As the main creator of social wealth and the main contributor to social and economic growth, the psychological health of the employees can not be ignored. At present, the research on the population is less, and the researchers pay more attention to the psychological health status of the college students, middle school students and the elderly.
Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the psychological state of the staff members of the company, according to the characteristics of the group, combine the thought of treating the disease without disease, early prevention and early intervention, so as to improve the overall mental health level of the whole society, and it is of great significance to the progress and development of the whole society.
objective
This study is to evaluate the mental health status of the staff of the regional Corporation in Beijing. By using the comprehensive scale as the screening method, the characteristics of the psychological changes of the population are evaluated, and the internal correlation between the scales is analyzed, and the main factors that lead to the depressive symptoms of the population are discussed, and the relevant suggestions and countermeasures are put forward to maintain the population. Mental health.
research method
From September 2010 to December 2011, a questionnaire was issued to 590 different types and different industries in Beijing. The questionnaire included the WHO quality of life scale (WHOQOL BREF), the Depression Scale (CES.D), the Chinese life event scale (LES) and the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Neo-FFI).
Result
The detectable rate of depressive symptoms in 1403 employees was 27.54% (CES-D score > 16), of which 37.84% were depressive symptoms, 29.73% were depressive symptoms and 32.43% were severe depressive symptoms.
2 the scores of 2 different subgroup employees showed that there was a significant difference in the rate of depressive symptoms and the scores of CES-D in the employees of different ages, different marriages and physical exercise or not (P0.05), which were 20-29 years old, not married, and did not take part in self health care. The rate of depressive symptoms was high and the score of CES-D was high, and there was no statistical difference in the prevalence of depressive symptoms and CES-D scores in Beijing born company employees, with different sex, different monthly income, different educational background, smoking or not, and drinking or not.
3 the WHOQOL-BREF score of depressive symptoms and non depressive symptoms, the score of LES, the score of negative life events, the emotional stability, extroversion, amiability, and the score of responsibility in the large five personality questionnaire were statistically different (P0.05), the score of LES in the staff with depressive symptoms, the scores of negative life events, and the emotional stability. The scores of qualitative (neuroticism) were higher than those without depressive symptoms, and their WHOQOL-BREF scale scores, extroverts, amiability and responsibility were worse than those without depressive symptoms.
4 the scores of WHOQOL-BREF scale, total quality of life and the evaluation of physiological and psychological fields were statistically different (P0.05). Among them, the WHOQOL-BREF scale score of the depressed people, the highest score in the psychological field, the highest evaluation of the quality of life for the depressed people, the score of the LES scale, the score of negative life events There was no statistical difference (P0.05).
5 the results of the WHOQOL-BREF scale of the staff of different subgroups showed that the total evaluation of the quality of life of the employees with different monthly income had a statistically significant difference (P0.05), of which the monthly income was above 6000 yuan and the lowest was below 3000 yuan. The company staff in different marital status scored the scale of the WHOQOL-BREF scale, physiology, psychology and environment. There were statistical differences (P0.05). The above scores of married employees were better than those of unmarried employees; there was no statistical difference in the WHOQOL-BREF scale of employees with different educational backgrounds and different birthplaces (P0.05).
The highest frequency of 5 of the employees in the 6 company was: 41.44% of the stress in the work study, 34.99% for the present job, 32.75% for love or engagement, 27.79% in the housing tension, and the difference in the score of the LES scale of the employees with different ages of employment 26.30%. (P0.05), and the highest score in the scale of the staff of 20-29 years of age. There was no significant difference in the scores of life events between employees in different gender and marital status (P0.05).
The 7CES-D scale was significantly negatively correlated with the WHOQOL-BREF scale score and the dimensions of each dimension (P0.05). It showed that the score of the CES-D scale had a significant impact on the total evaluation of the quality of life, the general evaluation of health and all the fields, the more significant the depression, the total evaluation of the quality of life, the lower the evaluation of the health state and the evaluation of the various fields, among which the depressive symptoms and the psychology, The physiological relationship is most closely related.
The score of negative life events in the 8LES scale was significantly negatively correlated with the score of WHOQOL-BREF scale and the scores of each dimension (P0.05), and the most significant impact on the general assessment of the environment and health status was found.
The score of negative family life events in the 9LES scale was negatively correlated with the total assessment of the quality of life in the WHOQOL-BREF scale, the general assessment of health and the scores of all dimensions to remove social relations (P0.05), but no significant correlation with the score of social relations (P0.05); the score of negative working learning and life events and the overall evaluation of the WHOQOL-BREF scale and the various kinds of scores were also found. There were significant negative correlation (P0.05), among which psychological, physiological and negative work learning and life events were most closely related; negative social communication life events scores and WHOQOL-BREF scale health status, psychological and social relations scores were significantly negative (P0.05), and the overall assessment of quality of life and the field of environment. There was no significant correlation between scores (P0.05), and the general health status was closely related to negative social interaction life events.
The negative life events in the 10LES scale were significantly correlated with the CES-D scale (P0.05), indicating that negative life events had a significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the employees, and the negative work learning and life events had the most significant impact on the depressive symptoms of the employees.
In the 11NEO-FFI scale, the scores of emotional stability, extroversion, openness, amiability, and the five dimensions of the sense of responsibility were significantly correlated with the score of CES-D (P0.05), and the score of the CES-D scale was positively correlated with the emotional stability (P0.05), and was negatively correlated with the other four dimensions (P0.05), but the score of emotional stability and the score of the emotional stability were significantly correlated with the scores of emotional stability (P0.05). CES-D scale scores were the highest, indicating that employees' emotions were affected by their personality traits, and the degree of emotional stability had the most significant impact on their emotions.
conclusion
1 the mental health status of the staff in Beijing regional corporation can not be ignored. The detection rate of depressive symptoms is higher than that of the group of migrant workers and the college students in Beijing, which should be paid enough attention and attention.
2 depressive symptoms are the same age, marital status, participation in physical exercise, self health care, negative life events, negative work learning and life events, emotional stability, extroversion, easy-going and responsibility in the personality. The quality of life of the company staff, marital status, negative life events, depression. There are significant differences in life events among company employees.
3 suggest that we should take corresponding measures from four different levels of the company, individual, family and society to maintain the mental health of the employees of the company. In the course of the investigation, there is a high concern and an inappropriate panic of the employees of the company in the mental disorders such as depression, which suggests the need and necessity of the relevant industry management departments to prevent the mental illness. It is suggested that the positive propaganda and professional guidance should be strengthened so as to improve the public awareness and correct awareness of mental disorders such as depression, especially to strengthen early prevention and early intervention.
【学位授予单位】：北京中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.4

【参考文献】