基于fMRI和ERP技术探索冲动性决策障碍在海洛因成瘾机制中的作用

发布时间：2018-06-24 20:38

本文选题：海洛因成瘾 + 冲动　；参考：《安徽医科大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的综合海洛因成瘾者冲动行为的反应模式、与冲动行为相关的脑区功能定位及负性结果所诱发的事件相关电位波形特点，从决策行为角度来解释海洛因成瘾和复吸的神经机制。方法（1）利用神经心理学实验范式，海洛因成瘾组（HA组）和健康对照组（HC组）分别执行爱荷华赌博任务（IGT），分析比较两组被试冲动行为反应模式的差异；（2）对两组被试在执行爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）时同步进行功能磁共振成像（fMRI）扫描，数据采集后使用统计参数图软件（SPM5）进行分析，对与冲动性决策行为相关的脑区进行功能定位，并了解其功能变化；（3）对两组被试在执行爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）时进行事件相关电位（ERP）描记，数据采集后分析比较两组被试负性结果所诱发的事件相关电位的波幅和潜伏期，并与冲动性量表（BIS-11）的测评结果作相关分析。结果（1）HA组的IGT决策进程对其净分数无显著影响，但HC组有显著影响（P0.05）；HA组所选低频惩罚的纸牌数目与高频惩罚纸牌相比无统计学差异，但HC组有统计学差异（P0.05），而被试选择低频惩罚与高频惩罚的纸牌数目差值，两组之间有统计学差异（P0.05）。（2）fMRI发现两组被试执行IGT时主要激活前额叶，其中右侧前额叶眶部（OFC）、右侧额叶背外侧部（DLPFC）、左侧前额叶腹内侧部（VMPFC）和前扣带回（ACC）均有激活；HA组的右侧OFC的激活程度强于HC组，但右侧DLPFC和左侧MPFC的激活强度低于HC组；除前额叶外，HA组的右侧豆状核、右侧丘脑、右侧岛叶、海马、左侧尾状核亦出现激活（统计阈值概率设为P0.05）。（3）两组被试在Fz、Cz、Pz和Oz等导联均出现明显的错误相关负波（ERN）、反馈相关负波（FRN）和P300的波形，在ERN、FRN中，两组被试的波幅差异有统计学意义（P0.05）；在P300中，两组被试的的波幅和潜伏期差异均有统计学意义。Pearson相关分析显示，，两组间ERN波幅与BIS评分呈负相关，相关系数分别为r=-0.66，-0.78（P0.05），而两组潜伏期与BIS评分相关性不显著（均P0.05）； FRN波幅与BIS评分呈正相关，相关系数分别为r=0.77，0.61（P0.05），而两组潜伏期与BIS评分相关性不显著（均P0.05）；HA组P300波幅、潜伏期与BIS评分均呈负相关，相关系数分别为r=-0.76，-0.52（P0.05），而HC组相关性均不显著（P0.05）。结论海洛因成瘾者在反应模式上存在冲动性决策障碍；前额叶等冲动性决策行为相关的脑区存在功能异常；负性结果所诱发的事件相关电位特征波形ERN、FRN和P300均存在异常，但与冲动行为存在一定的相关性，提示海洛因成瘾者错误加工能力、结果评价能力及注意功能存在异常；上述均可能是成瘾行为的产生、维持及维持的原因之一。
[Abstract]:Objective to synthesize the impulsive behavior patterns of heroin addicts, the functional localization of the brain regions associated with impulsive behavior and the characteristics of the event related potential waves induced by negative results, and to explain the neuromechanism of heroin addiction and relapse from the perspective of decision-making behavior.
Methods (1) using the neuropsychological experimental paradigm, the heroin addiction group (HA group) and the healthy control group (group HC) performed the Iowa gambling task (IGT) and analyzed the differences in the impulse response patterns of the two groups. (2) the two groups were synchronized with the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan in the implementation of the Iowa gambling task (IGT), and the number of them was scanned by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). According to the acquisition of statistical parameter map software (SPM5), the functional localization of brain regions related to impulsive decision making behavior and their functional changes were investigated. (3) the event related potential (ERP) was recorded in the two groups of subjects in the execution of Iowa gambling task (IGT), and the negative results of the two groups were compared after the data collection analysis. The amplitude and latency of event-related potentials were analyzed and correlated with the results of Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11).
Results (1) the IGT decision-making process in group HA had no significant effect on its net score, but there was a significant impact on the HC group (P0.05). There was no statistical difference between the number of cards selected by the HA group and the high frequency penalty card, but there was a statistical difference between the HC group (P0.05), and the difference between the low frequency penalty and the high frequency punishments was selected, and the two groups had statistics. (2) (2) (2) fMRI found that the prefrontal lobes were mainly activated in the two groups, of which the right prefrontal lobe (OFC), the lateral dorsal part of the right frontal lobe (DLPFC), the left prefrontal lobes (VMPFC) and the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) were activated, and the activation degree of OFC in the right side of HA group was stronger than that in the HC group, but the activation intensity of DLPFC and left MPFC was low. In group HC, the right lenticular nucleus in group HA, right thalamus, right Island lobe, hippocampus, and left caudate nucleus were also activated (statistical threshold probability was set to P0.05). (3) the two groups had obvious error related negative waves (ERN) in the lead of Fz, Cz, Pz and Oz, feedback related negative waves (FRN) and P300, in ERN, FRN, two groups The amplitude difference was statistically significant (P0.05); in P300, the amplitude and latency difference of the two groups were statistically significant.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the ERN wave amplitude was negatively correlated with the BIS score, the correlation coefficient was r=-0.66, -0.78 (P0.05), while the correlation between the two groups was not significantly correlated with the BIS score (P0.05), and the FRN wave amplitude was not significant. The correlation coefficient was positively correlated with the BIS score, and the correlation coefficient was r=0.77,0.61 (P0.05), while the latency of the two groups was not significantly correlated with the BIS score (P0.05), and the P300 wave amplitude in the HA group was negatively correlated with the BIS score, and the correlation coefficient was r=-0.76, -0.52 (P0.05), but the HC group correlation was not significant.
Conclusion the heroin addicts have impulsive decision disorder in the response pattern; the brain regions related to impulsive decision behavior such as prefrontal lobe are abnormal in the brain, and there are abnormal ERN, FRN and P300 induced by negative results, but there is a certain correlation with impulse behavior, suggesting that heroin addicts are wrong. The above results may be one of the reasons for the emergence, maintenance and maintenance of addictive behaviors.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.61

【共引文献】