居住安排与代际支持对农村老年人抑郁症状的影响

发布时间：2018-06-29 02:41

本文选题：抑郁症状 + 居住安排　；参考：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解湖北省团风县农村老年人的抑郁症状分布特征，分析居住安排及代际支持等因素对农村老年人抑郁症状的影响，以期为降低农村老年人抑郁症状的发生，保障老年人的身心健康，改善其生活状况提供依据。方法：采用分层整群抽样的方法，从湖北省团风县的10个乡镇中，随机抽取5个乡镇，再在其94个行政村随机抽取22个行政村，于2006年10月至2008年4月，对15岁及以上的农村常住人口进行了问卷调查。本研究截取60岁及以上的老年人数据进行了分析。调查内容包括抑郁症状评分，居住安排，代际支持，老年人一般人口学特征，社会经济特征，身体健康状况等。抑郁症状评分采用Beck抑郁量表进行测量。居住安排分为独居，夫妻偶居，隔代家庭，两代老人/与其他人共同居住，与儿女共同居住五种类型。代际支持通过询问近一年来从儿女获得的支持程度（没有这种人或去世，无支持，极少，一般，全力支持）进行评价。调查资料采用SAS9.2软件包进行统计分析。采用的分析方法包括描述性分析，方差分析，t检验，非参数秩和检验，bonferroni两两比较，多元线性回归及有序多分类logistic回归等。结果： 1.抑郁症状情况：湖北团风县农村地区老年人抑郁症状患病率为26.59%，其中，轻度抑郁为13.44%，中度抑郁症状为8.99%，重度抑郁症状为4.15%。平均抑郁症状得分为10.14±8.59。 2.老年人抑郁症状的相关因素单因素分析结果显示，不同居住安排、代际支持的抑郁症状得分的差异有统计学意义（p0.05）。居住安排的差异显示在独居组的抑郁症状得分高于夫妻偶居组的抑郁症状得分。老年人特征中的不同性别、婚姻状况、读书年限，经济状况、自评身体健康的抑郁症状得分的差异有统计学意义（p0.05）。 3.多元线性回归模型与有序多分类logistic回归模型结果类似。居住安排对老年人抑郁症状的影响无统计学意义。代际支持程度的越高，抑郁症状得分及程度越低。多元线性回归模型显示，与代际支持无支持组相比，支持很少组抑郁症状得分少3.2个单位，支持一般组抑郁症状得分少4.47个单位，全力支持组抑郁症状得分少5.94个单位，，而无子女/去世组的抑郁症状得分无差别。经济状况与身体健康状况越好，抑郁症状得分及程度越低。结论： 1.湖北团风县农村地区老年人抑郁症状患病率26.59%。 2.本研究未发现居住安排的形式对老年人抑郁症状有直接的影响，但独居老人与夫妻偶居老人的抑郁症状得分有所不同，因而，将独居老人与夫妻偶居老人笼统划分为空巢老人进行心理健康分析值得商榷。 3.代际支持是老年人抑郁症状的保护性因素，说明家庭居住安排本身也许对老年人抑郁的影响并不重要，重要的是提高子女对老年人的代际支持水平和老年人对子女代际支持的感知。提高子女的代际支持程度是进行老年人抑郁干预的重要措施与途径，同时，经济状况差，身体状况差的老年人也是干预的重点对象。
[Abstract]:Purpose :

To understand the depressive symptoms of the elderly in rural areas in the rural areas of Hubei Province , analyze the influence of residential arrangement and intergenerational support on the depressive symptoms of the elderly in rural areas , with a view to reducing the occurrence of depressive symptoms in rural elderly people , safeguarding the physical and mental health of the elderly and improving their living conditions .

Method :

The survey data were analyzed by using SAS 9.2 software package , including descriptive analysis , variance analysis , t test , non - parametric rank sum test , bonuci pairwise comparison , multivariate linear regression and sequential multi - classification logistic regression .

Results :

1 . Depression status : The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly in rural areas was 26.59 % , with mild depression 13.44 % , moderate depression 8.99 % , severe depression 4 . 15 % . The average depression score was 10.14 卤 8.59 .

2 . The single factor analysis of the related factors of depressive symptoms in the elderly showed that the difference of depressive symptoms scores of different living arrangements and inter - generational support was statistically significant ( p < 0.05 ) . The difference of the living arrangement showed that the depressive symptom score of the single - dwelling group was higher than that in the couple ' s spouse group . The difference of the depressive symptom scores in the characteristics of the elderly was statistically significant ( p . 05 ) .

3 . The multivariate linear regression model is similar to that of the ordered multi - classification logistic regression model . The higher the intergenerational support , the lower the depressive symptoms and the lower the degree of depression .

Conclusion :

1 . The prevalence of depressive symptoms in the elderly in the rural areas of Hubei Province was 26.59 % .

2 . The study did not find that the form of residence arrangement had a direct effect on the depressive symptoms of the elderly , but the depressive symptoms of the old man and husband and wife were different . Therefore , it is worth discussing the mental health analysis of the old man and husband and wife .

3 . Inter - generational support is a protective factor for the depressive symptoms of the elderly . It is not important to illustrate the influence of family residence arrangement itself on the depression of the elderly . It is important to improve the intergenerational support level of the children to the elderly and the perception of the intergenerational support of the elderly .
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.4

【参考文献】