安徽省某农村地区留守儿童抑郁状况及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 15:04

【摘要】：目的了解农村地区儿童抑郁状况及留守状态对抑郁的影响，为进一步开展针对性干预措施提供科学依据。方法运用儿童抑郁量表（CDI）、家庭功能量表(APGAR)、生活质量量表（QOL）、特质应对问卷(TCSQ)、亲子冲突策略量表(SPC)及自编问卷等对安徽省某农村地区中小学生进行身心健康状况与相关生活经历调查，了解留守儿童抑郁状况，并对其抑郁的影响因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果共计调查3169人，实际有效应答2917人，有效应答率92.0%。农村儿童抑郁症状检出率10.4%，留守儿童抑郁症状检出率为12.1%，高于非留守儿童的8.0%（2=12.754，P0.01）。不同监护类型的抑郁症状检出率之间差异有统计学意义（2=21.982，P0.01）；以同辈(20.8%)和亲戚(19.4%)监护抑郁症状检出率最高。儿童家庭功能总分与儿童抑郁量表（CDI）得分呈负相关（Spearmanr=-0.421,P0.01）。消极应对与CDI得分呈正相关(Spearman r＝0.486，P0.01)；积极应对得分与CDI得分呈负相关(Spearman r＝-0.356，P0.01)。留守儿童忽视报告率（70.2%）高于非留守儿童（63.5%），差异有统计学意义（2=14.322，P0.001）；留守儿童躯体虐待、轻度、中度躯体虐待报告率低于非留守儿童，差异有统计学意义（2=14.787，P0.001）、（2=8.828，P=0.003）、（2=17.274，P0.001）。多因素logistic回归分析显示留守儿童中，家庭功能、忽视、躯体虐待、学习成绩、老师关心、经济状况、同伴关系是其抑郁的重要影响因素；家庭功能障碍、存在忽视、躯体虐待、学习成绩差、同伴关系不大亲密的留守儿童抑郁检出率较高；而在非留守儿童中，家庭功能、忽视、学习成绩是其抑郁的重要影响因素。结论该地区留守儿童抑郁检出率高于非留守儿童，儿童抑郁的发生是多种因素综合作用的结果，，应该针对影响因素采取有效的干预措施，减少儿童尤其是留守儿童抑郁的发生。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the depression status of children in rural areas and the influence of left behind state on depression, and to provide scientific basis for further targeted intervention. Methods Children's Depression scale (CDI), Family function scale (APGAR), quality of Life scale (QOL), trait coping questionnaire (TCSQ), Parent-Child conflict Strategy scale (SPC) and self-designed questionnaire were used to evaluate the physical and mental health of primary and middle school students in a rural area of Anhui Province. A survey of life experiences, Objective: to investigate the depression status of children left behind and to analyze the influencing factors of depression by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 3169 people were investigated and 2917 effective responses were obtained, and the effective response rate was 92.0%. The detectable rate of depressive symptoms of rural children was 10.4, and that of left-behind children was 12.1cm, which was higher than that of non-left-behind children (8.0%) (2 / 12.754 / P0.01). There were significant differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among different types of monitoring (20.982P0.01), and the highest rates of depressive symptoms were observed in the peer group (20.8%) and relatives (19.4%). There was a negative correlation between the total score of children's family function and the score of Child Depression scale (Spearmanr-0.421, P0.01). There was a positive correlation between negative coping and CDI score (Spearman rn 0.486, P0.01), and a negative correlation between positive coping score and CDI score (Spearman r-0.356, P0.01). The report rate of neglect in left-behind children (70.2%) was significantly higher than that in non-left-behind children (63.5%), the difference was statistically significant (20.32%), and the reported rate of physical abuse in left-behind children was significantly lower than that in non-left-behind children (P 0.001, P 0.001, 28.828P0.001, 28.828P0.003), (, 17.274p0.001), and the reported rate of physical abuse in left-behind children was significantly lower than that in non-left-behind children (P 0.001, 28.828P0.001, 28.828P0.003), (, 17.274p0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family function, neglect, physical abuse, academic achievement, teachers' concern, financial status, peer relationship were the important factors of depression in left-behind children, and family dysfunction, neglect and physical abuse were important factors. The depression rate of left-behind children with poor academic achievement and less intimate peer relationship was higher, while in non-left-behind children, family function, neglect and academic achievement were the important influencing factors of depression. Conclusion the incidence of depression in children left behind in this area is higher than that in non-left-behind children. The occurrence of depression in children is the result of multiple factors. Effective intervention measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of depression in children, especially those left behind.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：R749.4

【参考文献】