精神分裂症中西医探究史的比较分析

发布时间：2018-08-02 13:32

【摘要】：精神疾病是自古以来就有的一种疾病,它严重影响了人民群众的身心健康。因此当人类进化成具有思想意识的高级物种时,就已经与精神疾病作斗争了。然而,由于缺乏对精神疾病的认识和理解,对精神疾病的治疗效果一直是以缓慢的速度发展着。随着时代的变迁,中西医学者对精神疾病从不同角度进行着不懈的探索和研究。精神分裂症是精神疾病中最为常见的一种,具有思维、情感、行为等多方面的障碍,其特征是精神活动和环境不协调。临床表现为感知觉障碍,如幻听、幻视；意志与行为障碍,如意志减退、紧张综合征等；思维及思维联想障碍,如妄想、被动体验、思维散漫等；情感障碍,如情感迟钝或平淡。精神分裂症现在已经成为世界卫生组织及各国所关注的主要精神卫生问题。精神分裂症根据临床表现当属祖国医学“癫狂症”的范畴。祖国医学对癫狂症的探究已经有二千多年的历史,并且形成了独特的病因病机、发病、预防以及治疗的理论体系,积累宝贵而丰富的实践经验,留下的无数医家的成就与贡献,至今仍指导着我们的医学治疗思想和方向。西医对精神分裂症的研究成果多集中在近现代,随着抗精神病药物的研制成功和现代科学技术的进步,西医对精神分裂症的研究有了突飞猛进的发展。本文从纵向历史的角度,对有关精神分裂症的古今中西医学文献,进行系统挖掘整理。从中找出中西医各个历史时期对精神分裂症的探究特点及成果,包括精神分裂症的现代研究,以及中西医结合治疗精神分裂症的现状及前景展望。希望通过探究、考证不同时代中外医学家对精神分裂症的认识特色,整理出其中宝贵的经验,为现代医家研究精神分裂症的理论和临床治疗提供一些有益的启示和借鉴。
[Abstract]:Mental illness is a kind of disease that has existed since ancient times, it has seriously affected the physical and mental health of the people. So when man evolved into a high-level species of thought-consciousness, it was already battling mental illness. However, due to the lack of knowledge and understanding of mental illness, the therapeutic effect of mental illness has been developing at a slow rate. With the change of times, Chinese and western medicine scholars have been exploring and studying mental diseases from different angles. Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental diseases, with mental, emotional, behavioral and other obstacles, its characteristics are mental activities and environmental disharmony. Clinical manifestations include sensory disorders, such as auditory hallucinations, willpower and behavioral disorders, such as hypovolition, tension syndrome, mental and associative disorders, such as delusions, passive experiences, loose thinking, emotional disorders, To be dull or dull, as of emotion. Schizophrenia has become a major mental health concern of the World Health Organization and other countries. Schizophrenia according to clinical manifestations should belong to the motherland medicine, "mania" category. Chinese medicine has a history of more than 2,000 years on the exploration of mania, and has formed a unique theoretical system of etiology, pathogenesis, disease, prevention and treatment, accumulated valuable and rich practical experience, and left behind numerous achievements and contributions of physicians. It still guides our thinking and direction of medical treatment. The research results of western medicine on schizophrenia are mostly concentrated in modern times. With the development of antipsychotic drugs and the progress of modern science and technology, the research on schizophrenia in western medicine has developed by leaps and bounds. From the perspective of longitudinal history, this paper systematically excavates and collates the ancient and modern Chinese and western medical literature about schizophrenia. The characteristics and achievements of exploring schizophrenia in different historical periods of traditional Chinese and western medicine, including the modern research of schizophrenia, the present situation and prospect of treatment of schizophrenia with integrated Chinese and western medicine are found out. It is hoped that by exploring the characteristics of Chinese and foreign medical scientists' understanding of schizophrenia in different times and sorting out the valuable experience among them, it will provide some useful enlightenment and reference for modern doctors to study the theory and clinical treatment of schizophrenia.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江中医药大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.3

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