海口城乡中小学生抑郁症状流行现况的比较研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 08:21

【摘要】：目的比较海口市城市和农村中小学生抑郁症状流行现况,为探究儿童青少年抑郁的影响因素提供依据。方法在海口市城乡采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取4995名学生,运用儿童抑郁量表(CDI)进行调查。各组学生抑郁症状检出率比较采用χ~2检验;城市和农村学生抑郁总分及各维度得分比较采用t检验。结果抑郁症状总检出率为32.3%。农村学生抑郁症状检出率为39.0%,城市学生为29.4%。在城市,中学生抑郁症状检出率高于小学生,农村则相反。农村学生的抑郁总分及负面情绪、低效感、躯体症状、人际问题和快感缺乏五个维度得分均高于城市学生。结论海口市城乡中小学生抑郁症状检出率较高,特别是农村学生。建议农村家庭和学校给予孩子更多关爱,以降低农村儿童心理行为问题的发生,促进儿童健康成长。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and middle school students in urban and rural areas of Haikou City, and to provide evidence for exploring the influencing factors of depression in children and adolescents. Methods 4995 students were sampled by stratified cluster sampling in urban and rural areas of Haikou city and investigated by (CDI). 蠂 ~ 2 test was used to compare the detection rate of depressive symptoms in each group, and t test was used to compare the total score of depression and the scores of each dimension between urban and rural students. Results the total detectable rate of depressive symptoms was 32. 3%. The detectable rate of depression was 39.0% for rural students and 29.4% for urban students. In urban areas, the prevalence of depression in middle school students is higher than that in primary school students, but the opposite is true in rural areas. The scores of total depression, negative emotion, low efficiency, somatic symptoms, interpersonal problems and lack of pleasure of rural students were higher than those of urban students. Conclusion the rate of depression in primary and middle school students in Haikou City is high, especially in rural areas. It is suggested that rural families and schools should give more care to children in order to reduce the occurrence of psychological and behavioral problems and promote the healthy growth of children.
【作者单位】：海南医学院公共卫生学院;
【基金】：2014年海南自然科学基金项目(项目编号:0105022183)
【分类号】：R749.4

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