癌症患者创伤后应激障碍的症状特点及心理社会因素研究

发布时间：2018-12-29 14:02

【摘要】：目的：调查癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状特点，，探讨影响癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状的心理社会相关因素，为早期发现心理问题提供参考依据。方法：采用方便抽样的方法，使用一般情况调查表、简易应对方式问卷、社会支持评定量表、艾森克人格问卷和创伤后应激障碍筛查量表对198例癌症患者进行调查。用EpiData3.0建立数据库录入，SPSS13.0统计软件进行处理，全部检验均为双侧检验，检验水准为P0.05。结果： 1.癌症患者PTSD症状的平均程度属于中度，回避/麻木的程度最高，其次是再体验症状，癌症患者中PTSD症状的阳性率可达37.27%。 2.①不同居住地被试PTSD症状有显著差异，农村显著高于城市（P0.05）；②不同癌症类型被试PTSD症状有显著差异，乳腺癌和子宫癌患者要显著低于其他类型的癌症（P0.05）；③不同患病时间被试PTSD症状有显著差异，随着时间推移有上升的趋势（P0.05）；④不同年龄被试PTSD症状有显著差异，年龄小的人群要显著高于年龄大的人群（P0.05）；⑤不同职业被试PTSD症状有显著差异，在岗人员要显著高于离退休人员（P0.05）。 3.①个性特征中神经质与PTSD症状总分、再体验、回避/麻木、警觉性增高呈显著正相关（P0.01），精神质与回避/麻木、警觉性增高呈显著正相关（P0.05）；②消极应对与PTSD症状总分、再体验、回避/麻木、警觉性增高呈显著正相关（P0.01）；③客观支持与PTSD症状总分、再体验、回避/麻木、警觉性增高呈显著负相关（P0.01），社会支持总体水平与PTSD症状总分及回避/麻木呈显著负相关（P0.05）。 4.全变量回归分析显示神经质、消极应对最终进入回归方程，可解释PTSD症状的总分变异的16.6%。结论： 1. PTSD症状在癌症患者中存在并处于中度水平，其中回避/麻木的程度高于再体验及警觉性增高，应当引起临床的重视。 2.不同居住地、年龄、职业、癌症类型、患病时间等变量是癌症患者创伤后应激障碍的影响因素。 3.社会支持对癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状起缓冲作用，其中客观支持及社会支持总体水平是重要的因素，能显著预测癌症患者的创伤后应激障碍的相关症状。 4.人格特征中的神经质和精神质影响癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状水平，其中神经质是易感因素，神经质个性特征越明显，创伤后应激障碍症状水平越高；精神质个性特征越明显，创伤后应激障碍症状水平越高。 5.应对方式影响癌症患者创伤后应激障碍症状水平，采用消极的应对方式越多，创伤后应激障碍症状水平越高。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in cancer patients, and to explore the psychosocial factors affecting the symptoms of PTSD in cancer patients, and to provide a reference for the early detection of psychological problems. Methods: a total of 198 cancer patients were investigated with the convenience sampling questionnaire, the simple coping style questionnaire, the Social support rating scale, the Eysenck Personality questionnaire and the Post-traumatic stress Disorder screening scale. The database input was established by EpiData3.0 and processed by SPSS13.0 statistical software. All the tests were carried out on both sides, and the test level was P0.05. Results: 1. The average degree of PTSD symptoms in cancer patients was moderate, and the degree of avoidance / numbness was the highest, followed by reexperience symptoms. The positive rate of PTSD symptoms in cancer patients was 37.27. 2.1 there were significant differences in the symptoms of PTSD among the subjects in different places of residence, which were significantly higher in rural than in urban areas (P0.05). (2) there were significant differences in PTSD symptoms among patients with different cancer types, and the patients with breast cancer and uterine cancer were significantly lower than those with other types of cancer (P0.05). (3) there were significant differences in the symptoms of PTSD in the subjects with different disease time, and there was an upward trend with the passage of time (P0.05), and there were significant differences in the symptoms of PTSD in the subjects of different ages, and the younger groups were significantly higher than those in the older ones (P0.05). 5There were significant differences in PTSD symptoms among the subjects in different occupations, and those in the post were significantly higher than those in the retired (P0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between neuroticism and the total score of PTSD symptoms, re-experience, avoidance / numbness, increased alertness (P0.01), psychoticism and avoidance / numbness, and increased alertness (P0.05). (2) negative coping was positively correlated with the total score of PTSD symptoms, re-experience, avoidance / numbness, and increased alertness (P0.01); 3There was a significant negative correlation between objective support and the total score of PTSD symptoms, re-experience, avoidance / numbness, increased alertness (P0.01), and the overall level of social support was negatively correlated with the total score of PTSD symptoms and avoidance / numbness (P0.05). 4. The whole variable regression analysis showed that neuroticism, negative coping finally entered the regression equation, which could explain the total score variation of PTSD symptoms 16. 6%. Conclusion: 1. The symptoms of PTSD exist in cancer patients and are at moderate level. The degree of avoidance / numbness is higher than that of re-experience and alertness. Therefore, clinical attention should be paid to the symptoms of PTSD. 2. Variables such as residence, age, occupation, cancer type and duration of disease were the influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder. 3. Social support plays a buffer role on the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in cancer patients. Objective support and overall level of social support are important factors, which can significantly predict the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in cancer patients. 4. The neuroticism and psychoticism in personality characteristics affect the symptom level of post-traumatic stress disorder in cancer patients, among which neuroticism is the susceptible factor, the more obvious the neuroticism personality is, the higher the symptom level of post-traumatic stress disorder is. The more obvious the psychotic personality, the higher the symptom level of post-traumatic stress disorder. 5. Coping styles affect the symptom level of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in cancer patients, and the more negative coping styles are used, the higher the level of PTSD symptoms is.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R749.5

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