中国中老年人抑郁症状现状及影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-01-08 20:53

【摘要】：目的了解中国中老年人抑郁症状现状及其影响因素,为改善中老年人抑郁发生状况提供政策依据。方法采用中国健康与养老追踪调查2013年数据,利用流调中心抑郁水平评定量表测评中老年人抑郁症状,运用二分类logistic模型、多元线性回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果我国中老年人31.2%(4 815/15 421)存在抑郁症状,中老年人抑郁量表评分为(7.83±5.78)分。各省份中老年人抑郁症状检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.001),北京最低为4.3%(3/69),青海最高为56.8%(88/155)。多因素回归结果显示,女性、无配偶同居、文化程度较低、农村户口、西部地区、非党员、参与社会活动少、吸烟、不喝酒、慢性病数目多、IADL受损的中老年人抑郁量表评分高,有抑郁症状的几率高(均P0.05);随着年龄升高,抑郁状况先加重后减轻,分性别进行回归分析发现,女性有抑郁症状的几率在55.5岁达到高峰,男性在47.9岁达到高峰,女性的抑郁量表评分在57.9岁达到高峰,男性在55.4岁达到高峰。结论我国中老年人抑郁症状检出率较高,应对高危人群采取针对性预防和干预措施,促进中老年人心理健康公平、均衡发展。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the status quo of depression and its influencing factors in middle aged and old people in China, and to provide policy basis for improving the incidence of depression in middle aged and old people. Methods the data of Chinese health and old-age care survey in 2013 were used to evaluate the depression symptoms of the middle-aged and old people by using the central depression rating scale. The influencing factors were analyzed by using the two-classification logistic model and the multivariate linear regression model. Results depressive symptoms were found in 31. 2% (4 815 / 15 421) of middle and old people in China, and the score of depression scale was (7. 83 卤5. 78). There were significant differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms among the middle and old people in different provinces (P0.001), the lowest in Beijing was 4.3% (3 / 69), and the highest in Qinghai was 56.8% (88 / 155). The results of multivariate regression showed that women, cohabitation without spouses, low education level, rural hukou, western region, non-party members, low participation in social activities, smoking, non-drinking, high number of chronic diseases, The scores of depression scale of the middle and old people with IADL damage were higher and the probability of depression symptom was higher (P0.05). Depression increased first and then decreased with age. Regression analysis showed that the incidence of depression in women peaked at 55.5 years, and that in men reached a peak at 47.9 years. Depression scale scores peaked at 57.9 years for women and 55.4 years for men. Conclusion the prevalence rate of depression in middle aged and old people in China is high. The prevention and intervention measures should be taken to promote the mental health equity and balanced development of middle and old people.
【作者单位】：北京大学医学部公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R749.4

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