儿童注意缺陷多动障碍不同亚型被动内隐视觉空间注意特点研究

发布时间：2019-03-25 12:03

【摘要】：目的探讨儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)不同亚型被动内隐视觉空间注意特点。方法选取2012年4月至2012年12月北京大学精神卫生研究所门诊就诊符合《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-IV)诊断标准的注意缺陷为主型ADHD(ADHD-I型)患儿27例,混合型ADHD(ADHD-C型)22例,以及性别、年龄与之匹配的正常儿童(正常对照组)18名,采用pop-out视觉搜索任务比较3组完成被动内隐视觉空间注意的反应时(RT)、个体内反应时标准差(ISD)及各类错误率。结果 (1)左、右视野RT:ADHD-C型[(611.8±133.3)ms、(597.7±122.8)ms]ADHD-I型[(633.6±124.5)ms、(619.2±119.4)ms]和正常对照组[(635.5±131.1)ms、(626.6±138.4)ms],对左视野目标RT均慢于右视野(P0.05),但3组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)左、右视野ISD:ADHD-C型[(187.0±45.5)ms、(189.7±47.6)ms,P0.05]和ADHD-I型[(167.9±54.0)ms、(179.3±57.0)ms,P0.05]左、右视野ISD均明显大于正常对照组[(137.3±39.1)ms、(136.6±38.3)ms,P0.05]。(3)左、右视野预期错误率:ADHD-C型左、右视野预期错误率[(1.1±1.2)%、(1.6±1.8)%]高于正常对照组[(0.5±1.2)%、(0.3±0.9)%,P0.05];左视野3组间预期错误率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。(4)左、右视野错误率:右侧视野ADHD-C型错误率显著大于正常对照组[(6.9±6.6)%、(2.9±4.1)%,P0.05];左侧视野,3组间错误率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论无论ADHD-I型还是ADHD-C型儿童被动内隐视觉空间注意波动水平均大于正常对照儿童,注意力维持能力差,且ADHD-C型儿童抑制缺陷重于ADHD-I型儿童。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the characteristics of passive implicit visual spatial attention in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods from April 2012 to December 2012, 27 children with major ADHD (ADHD- I) who met the diagnostic criteria of American Handbook for diagnosis and Statistics of Mental Disorder (DSM-IV) were selected from the out-patient clinic of Institute of Mental Health, Peking University. 22 cases of mixed ADHD (ADHD- C type) and 18 normal children matched with sex and age (normal control group) were enrolled in this study. Pop-out visual search task was used to compare the response time of passive implicit visual spatial attention in three groups (RT),). Intra-individual response time standard deviation (ISD) and various error rates. Results (1) left and right visual field RT:ADHD- C [(611.8 卤133.3) ms, (597.7 卤122.8) ms] ADHD- I [(633.6 卤124.5) ms, (619.2 卤119.4) ms] and normal control group [(635.5 卤131.1) ms,] (626.6 卤138.4) ms, the target RT of left visual field was slower than that of right visual field (P0.05), but there was no significant difference among the three groups (P0.05). (2). The ISD:ADHD- C type of left visual field and right visual field [(187.0 卤45.5) ms,] were not significantly different among the three groups (P0.05). (189.7 卤47.6) ms,P0.05 and ADHD- I [(167.9 卤54.0) ms, (179.3 卤57.0) ms,P0.05] ISD in left and right visual field were significantly larger than those in normal control group [(137.3 卤39.1) ms, (136.6 卤38.3) ms,]. (3) left and right visual field expectation error rate: ADHD- C left and right visual field expectation error rate [(1.1 卤1.2)%, (1.6 卤1.8)%] was higher than that of normal control group [(0.5 卤1.2)%]. (0.3 卤0.9)%, P0.05; There was no significant difference in the expected error rate among the three groups (P0.05). (4), while the right visual field error rate: the ADHD- C error rate in the right visual field was significantly higher than that in the normal control group [(6.9 卤6.6)%, (2.9 卤4.1)%]. P0.05; There was no significant difference in the error rate among the three groups in left visual field (P0.05). Conclusion the level of passive implicit visual spatial attention fluctuation in both ADHD- I and ADHD- C children is higher than that in normal children, and the ability of attention maintenance is poor, and the inhibition deficiency in ADHD- C children is more severe than that in ADHD- I children.
【作者单位】：北京大学精神卫生研究所卫生部精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学);北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室脑与认知科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金[30970802,81020108022,81371496] “十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助[2007BAI17B03]
【分类号】：R749.94

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