A型性格高血压患者抑郁状况及影响因素研究

发布时间：2019-04-17 08:47

【摘要】：目的：调查A型性格高血压患者的心理抑郁状况，探讨人口学特征、社会支持、应对方式、个性特征对A型性格高血压患者心理抑郁状况的影响，并提出相应的对策或建议,为减轻A型性格高血压患者心理抑郁状况提供参考依据。方法：本研究属于调查性研究，利用A型性格量表、抑郁自评量表、特质应对方式问卷、社会支持量表以及自拟的一般资料调查表对2012年5月～2012年12月在南昌大学第四附属医院心内科住院部符合条件、同意参加本调查的126例A型性格高血压患者进行问卷调查。并使用入SPSSl7.0软件对所收集的资料进行数据录入和统计分析。结果： 1. A型性格高血压患者中无抑郁状况的有74例，占59％；抑郁症的发生率高达41％，其中轻度抑郁的38例，占30％；中度抑郁的11例，占9％；重度抑郁3例，占2％。 2. A型性格高血压患者抑郁总分为（41.66±6.530）分，各维度得分分别为：精神性-情感症状为（4.16±0.961）分，躯体性障碍为（16.13±2.431）分，抑郁心理障为（17.15±2.893）分，精神运动性障碍为（4.22±1.046）分。 3.相关分析显示：A型性格高血压患者抑郁状况与社会支持、积极应对总体呈负相关，与消极应对、CH、 TH、CH+TH总体呈正相关。 4.多因素回归分析显示：CH、个人收入、并发症、高血压分级、支持利用、积极应对，这六个因素是A型性格高血压患者抑郁状况的主要影响因素，共可解释A型性格高血压患者抑郁状况的41.2％，其中以CH（无端敌意、竞争）的影响最大。结论： A型性格高血压患者心理抑郁状况高于普通高血压患者，，且受多方面主观及客观因素的影响。因此作为护理人员应该帮助和引导患者对自身个性树立正确的认识，教会患者学习放松训练，并善于帮助患者从逆势中寻找突破口，与此同时相关卫生医疗机构也应加强对社区护士岗前培训及继续教育，并在社区卫生服务机构中合理配置一定数量的心理咨询师，加强重视A型性格高血压患者的心理卫生保健。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the effects of demography, social support, coping style and personality characteristics on the depression of type A hypertensive patients, and to explore the effects of demographic characteristics, social support, coping styles and personality characteristics on the psychological depression of type A hypertensive patients. The corresponding countermeasures or suggestions were put forward to provide reference basis for alleviating the psychological depression of type A hypertension patients. Methods: this research belongs to the investigation research, using A-type personality scale, self-rating depression scale, trait coping style questionnaire, From May 2012 to December 2012, 126 patients with type A type hypertension who agreed to participate in the survey were investigated by Social support scale and self-made general data questionnaire in the Department of Cardiology, the fourth affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from May 2012 to December 2012. And use SPSSl7.0 software to collect the data for data input and statistical analysis. Results: 1. The incidence of depression was 41%, including 38 cases of mild depression (30%), 11 cases of moderate depression (9%) and 3 cases of severe depression (2%). 2. The depression score of type A hypertension patients was (41.66 卤6.530), the scores of each dimension were (4.16 卤0.961) for psychotic-affective symptoms and (16.13 卤2.431) for somatosomatic disorders, respectively. The scores of depression and psychomotor disorder were (17.15 卤2.893) and (4.22 卤1.046) respectively. 3. Correlation analysis showed that depression status of type A hypertension patients was negatively correlated with social support and positive coping, and positively correlated with negative coping style and CH, TH,CH TH. 4. Multivariate regression analysis showed that CH, personal income, complications, hypertension classification, support utilization, and positive coping were the main influencing factors of depression in type A hypertension patients. It could explain 41.2% of depression in type A hypertension patients, among which CH (unprovoked hostility, competition) was the most important one. Conclusion: the depression of type A hypertension patients is higher than that of normal hypertension patients, and it is influenced by many subjective and objective factors. Therefore, nursing staff should help and guide patients to establish a correct understanding of their own personality, teach patients to learn to relax training, and be good at helping patients find a breakthrough from the adverse trend. At the same time, relevant health and medical institutions should also strengthen pre-service training and continuing education for community nurses, and rationally deploy a certain number of psychological counsellors in community health service institutions. Attention should be paid to the mental health care of patients with type A hypertension.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：R544.1;R749.4

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