学龄前孤独症儿童家庭的职业和经济负担调查

发布时间：2019-08-15 21:15

【摘要】：目的:调查评估中国城市学龄前孤独症儿童家庭面临的职业和经济负担。方法:对235个孤独症儿童家庭和235个典型发育儿童家庭进行了调查。使用自制的调查问卷收集职业和经济负担的相关资料。使用Zarit护理负担量表(ZBI)调查了儿童的照顾负担。结果:33%孤独症儿童的父母反映,儿童的照顾问题严重影响了他们的职业;而对照组仅有6%的父母反映存在上述问题。孤独症组的职业受损风险至少为对照组的7倍(OR:7.791;95%CI:4.232-14.345)。孤独症组的年收入显著低于对照组($81,000 VS$112,039,P0.001),年平均损失收入为$30,957元,使其更难位于高收入家庭的行列(OR:0.319;95%CI:0.220-0.462)。孤独症家庭用于儿童教育培训的年平均费用显著高于对照组($44,130 VS$15,193,P0.001)。扣除教育培训费用后,孤独症家庭的纯收入仅为对照组的38%,组间差异具有显著性(P0.001)。结论:孤独症会给学龄前儿童家庭带来沉重的职业和经济负担。有必要投入更多的社会和医疗资源以支持这些家庭。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate and evaluate the occupational and economic burden faced by families of preschool autistic children in urban China. Methods: 235 families of autistic children and 235 families of typical developmental children were investigated. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect relevant data on occupational and economic burden. The care burden of children was investigated by Zarit nursing burden scale (ZBI). Results: 33% of the parents of autistic children reported that the care problems of the children seriously affected their occupation, while only 6% of the parents in the control group reported the above problems. The risk of occupational damage in the autistic group was at least 7 times higher than that in the control group (OR:7.791;95%CI:4.232-14.345). The annual income of autistic group was significantly lower than that of control group ($81000 VS$112,039,P0.001), and the average annual loss of income was $30957 yuan, which made it more difficult to be located in the ranks of high-income families (OR:0.319;95%CI:0.220-0.462). The average annual cost of children's education and training in autistic families was significantly higher than that in the control group ($44130 VS$15,193,P0.001). After deducting the cost of education and training, the net income of autistic families was only 38% of that of the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P0.001). Conclusion: autism can bring heavy occupational and economic burden to preschool children's families. It is necessary to invest more social and medical resources to support these families.
【作者单位】： 中国医科大学附属第一医院血管外科;中国医科大学附属第一医院精神科;
【分类号】：R749.94

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