昆山地区国境卫生检疫现状与管理对策研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 04:12

本文关键词： 口岸输入传染病医学媒介生物监测　出处：《苏州大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的掌握昆山地区出入境人员构成和禁止出入境疾病感染状况,以及陆路口岸输入性医学媒介生物的基本情况,明确监控的重点对象,并结合昆山口岸卫生检疫现状,提出切实可行的具有可操作性的卫生检疫对策和建议,将疫病疫情传入传出风险降到最低。方法对昆山地区2000年8月至2006年12月出入境人员传染病监测资料以及陆路口岸2004年1月至2006年12月所有截获外来医学媒介生物的集装箱资料进行整理、分析,探寻出入境人员感染禁止出入境传染病的基本规律,寻找输入性医学媒介生物的种类、数量及分布的变化规律。通过查阅相关文献,了解目前我国检验检疫系统出入境人员传染病监测和媒介生物控制工作的基本现状,提出具体措施和建议。结果昆山口岸入境传染病监测人数每年呈快速增长趋势,传染病监测的人群构成主要为入境的台胞人员和东南亚地区外籍人员,禁止出入境疾病集中在通过性途径感染HIV和梅毒的商人和技术人员,且74%为多次出入境的男性中青年人,应作为监测的重点。昆山口岸HIV和梅毒感染以输入性为主,这需要卫生检疫人员严格把关,严防艾滋病和梅毒的传入。昆山口岸入境集装箱呈现快速增长趋势。输入性医学媒介生物的来源主要是入境的集装箱,且医学媒介截获箱数和截获率都大幅上升。截获的医学媒介包括蚊、蜚蠊、蝇、蠓、鼠五类,其中主要为蚊、蜚蠊、蝇,应作为监测重点。截获的医学媒介来源地分布在19个国家和地区,其中台湾占了53.23%,从台湾、香港、日本等东南亚国家和地区入境的集装箱应重点监测。总体看,截获医学媒介生物的集装箱数量集中在10、11、12三个月。结论目前昆山口岸入境传染病监测和病媒生物控制工作还存在许多薄弱环节。首先应提高认识,加强传染病监测和集装箱监管;其次应加强能力建设,切实提升监测能力和水平;第三应加强宣传和预防教育,提高出入境人员的认知度和自我保护意识;第四要加强与口岸有关部门的联系与合作,完善口岸防疫体系;第五要进行风险分析和分类管理,完善应急预警机制,提高反应处理能力;第六要加强卫生处理监管,提高卫生处理水平;第七建议修改和完善传染病监测和集装箱检验检疫的法律法规与标准。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the composition of entry-exit personnel in Kunshan area and the situation of entry and exit disease infection, as well as the basic situation of imported medical vectors at land ports, to determine the key objects of surveillance, and to combine with the present situation of health and quarantine in Kunshan port. The feasible and feasible health and quarantine countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to minimize the risk of epidemic disease spreading in and out. Methods the surveillance data of infectious diseases among entry-exit personnel in Kunshan from August 2000 to December 2006 and all containers intercepted from January 2004 to January 2004 at the land port were collected and analyzed. In order to find out the basic law of entry and exit infectious diseases, to find out the variety of imported medical vector species, the quantity and distribution of imported medical vectors. To understand the current situation of infectious disease surveillance and vector biological control in entry-exit personnel of inspection and quarantine system in China, and put forward some concrete measures and suggestions. Results the number of infectious diseases surveillance in Kunshan port is increasing rapidly every year. The population under surveillance of infectious diseases consisted mainly of Taiwan compatriots who had entered the country and foreigners in Southeast Asia. It was forbidden that entry and exit diseases were concentrated in businessmen and technicians who contracted HIV and syphilis through sexual means, and 74% were middle-aged and young men who had entered or left the country more than once. Kunshan port HIV and syphilis infection is mainly imported, which requires health quarantine personnel to strictly guard against the introduction of AIDS and syphilis. The inbound containers at Kunshan Port show a rapid growth trend. The main source of imported medical vectors is the inbound containers, and the number of medical vector interceptions and the interception rate have increased significantly. The intercepted medical vectors include mosquitoes, cockroaches, flies, and flies. Midges, five kinds of rats, mainly mosquitoes, cockroaches and flies, should be the focus of surveillance. The sources of medical vectors intercepted are distributed in 19 countries and regions, of which Taiwan accounts for 53.23.From Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan and other Southeast Asian countries and regions should focus on the monitoring of containers entering the country. In general, the number of containers intercepting medical vectors is concentrated in 101111 / 123 months. Conclusion at present, there are still many weak links in the surveillance of infectious diseases and vector biological control in Kunshan Port. Firstly, we should strengthen the surveillance of infectious diseases and the supervision of containers, and secondly, we should strengthen capacity-building. Third, we should strengthen publicity and prevention education, raise the awareness and self-protection consciousness of entry-exit personnel; 4th should strengthen the contact and cooperation with port departments, and improve the port epidemic prevention system. 5th risk analysis and classified management should be carried out, emergency early warning mechanism should be perfected and the ability of response and treatment should be improved, 6th should strengthen the supervision of sanitary treatment and raise the level of sanitary treatment. 7th recommended amending and perfecting the laws, regulations and standards of infectious disease surveillance and container inspection and quarantine.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：R185

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