山西省省直医疗机构消毒效果监测综合分析

发布时间：2018-02-14 11:40

  本文关键词： 医院感染 消毒 灭菌 效果评价　出处：《山西医科大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 目的:医院是各种病人和病原体携带者汇集的场所,众多的病原体可通过院内环境空气、物体表面、医护人员手、使用中消毒剂、医疗器械设备等多种途径由患者传播给其他病人,医务人员和探视者,从而造成医院感染,所以认真做好医院消毒工作,及时杀灭外环境中的病原微生物,可大大降低医院内感染的发生率。通过对山西省省直35所不同规模医院的消毒灭菌质量进行5年的动态监测与调查,综合分析省直各类医疗机构消毒效果,找出相关影响因素,从而为降低医院内感染的发生率提供依据。以达到促进消毒质量的提高,减少医源性感染的发生。 方法:监测环境为医院内的手术室、供应室、母婴同室、注射室(液疗中心)、处置室、ICU。监测项目为空气、物体表面、手、使用中消毒剂和压力蒸气灭菌器灭菌效果。样品采集遵循随机的原则。标准采样、检验结果判定均按照卫生部颁布的《消毒技术规范》、《医院消毒卫生标准》GBl5982 -1995、《消毒与灭菌的评价方法与标准》GBl5981- 1995的要求进行。 结果:监测资料均来源于2001～2005年山西省省直不同规模医疗机构35所连续5年消毒与灭菌效果的监测数据。2001～2005共监测采样8669份,合格7856份,总合格率为90.62%,其中Ⅰ类医院合格率为90.05%,Ⅱ类医院合格率为91.58%,Ⅲ类医院合格率为94.28%,Ⅳ类医院合格率为84.19%。空气合格率为79.99%;物体表面合格率为75.65%;医护人员合格率为83.10%;使用中消毒液合格率为92.99%;压力蒸气灭菌器灭菌效果监测合格率为98.01%。手术室监测合格率为95.25%;供应室监测合格率为88.71%;母婴同室监测合格率为90.07%;注射室(液疗中心)监测合格率为82.23%;处置室监测合格率为85.08%;ICU监测合格率为94.69%;化验室监测合格率为86.64%。春季监测合格率为88.00%;夏季监测合格率为85.95%;秋季监测合格率为91.00%;冬季监测合格率为91.99%。 结论:从监测结果可以看出不同规模的医院、不同的环境和不同的监测对象,消毒与灭菌效果质量是不同的,差异存在显著性。这与医院规模、领导是否重视以及医院经济效益、管理水平和消毒专业人员业务能力的高低密切相关。目前的现状是不同规模医院和不同监测对象的消毒与灭菌效果还存在一定差距和问题,仍需今后进一步加强监测与管理。
[Abstract]:Objective: hospital is a collection of various patients and carriers of pathogens, many pathogens can be passed through the hospital ambient air, object surface, medical staff hands, in use of disinfectants, Medical equipment and other means are transmitted from patients to other patients, medical personnel and visitors, resulting in nosocomial infections. So we should do a good job of disinfection in hospitals and kill pathogenic microorganisms in the external environment in a timely manner. It can greatly reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection. Through dynamic monitoring and investigation of disinfection and sterilization quality in 35 hospitals of different sizes in Shanxi Province for 5 years, the disinfection effect of all kinds of medical institutions in Shanxi Province is comprehensively analyzed, and relevant influencing factors are found out. So as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection, improve the quality of disinfection and reduce the incidence of iatrogenic infection. Methods: the monitoring environment was operating room, supply room, mother and child room, injection room (liquid therapy center), disposal room (ICU). The monitoring items were air, object surface, hand, and so on. Sterilization effect of disinfectants and pressure steam sterilizers in use. Sampling followed random principles. Standard sampling. The results were determined according to the requirements of the Technical Specification for Disinfection issued by the Ministry of Health, the hygienic Standard of Disinfection in Hospitals, GBl5982 -1995, and the Evaluation methods and Standards of Disinfection and Sterilization, GBl5981-1995. Results: all the monitoring data were collected from 35 medical institutions of different sizes in Shanxi Province from 2001 to 2005. The monitoring data of disinfection and sterilization effect for 5 years were 8 669 samples and 7 856 eligible samples. The total qualified rate was 90.62, among which the qualified rate of class 鈪，

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