NICU医院感染目标性监测及危险因素分析

发布时间：2018-03-06 08:28

本文选题：重症监护病房　切入点：医院感染　出处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年14期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的对医院神经重症监护病房(NICU)发生医院感染的情况开展目标性监测,探索医院感染高发原因,为制定有效的预防控制措施提供依据。方法对2011年3月1日-12月31日入住NICU 548例患者进行前瞻性监测,重点监测呼吸机相关性肺炎、导管相关性血流感染、导尿管相关性泌尿道感染,对监测数据采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计处理。结果 NICU监测期间共发生医院感染199例、266例次,感染率36.31%、例次感染率48.54%;最常见感染部位为下呼吸道感染占57.52%,其次为泌尿道、血液感染,分别占18.05%、11.28%;病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,占82.27%,最常见为铜绿假单胞菌占26.82%;单因素分析显示,住院时间7d、气管切开深静脉置管、留置胃管及应用抗菌药物14d等是医院感染的危险因素,非条件多元logistic回归分析显示,住院时间7d和气管切开可作为独立危险因素。结论 NICU医院感染率高,应加强监测、积极干预,逐步降低医院感染的发生率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the high incidence of nosocomial infection in hospital neurointensive care unit (NICU) by objective monitoring of nosocomial infection, and to explore the causes of nosocomial infection. Methods 548 patients admitted to NICU from March 1st 2011 to December 31st were prospectively monitored for ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-associated blood flow infection. Urinary catheter related urinary tract infection was analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. Results during NICU monitoring, 199 cases of nosocomial infection occurred, 266 times of nosocomial infection occurred. The infection rate was 36.31. The infection rate was 48.54. The most common infection site was lower respiratory tract infection, followed by urinary tract infection and blood infection, which accounted for 18.05 and 11.28.The pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria (82.27m), most common bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (26.822B). Univariate analysis showed that. Hospital stay for 7 days, tracheotomy for deep vein, gastric tube for 14 days and antibiotics for 14 days were the risk factors of nosocomial infection. Non-conditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of nosocomial infection were as follows:. Conclusion the nosocomial infection rate of NICU is high and should be monitored actively and the incidence of nosocomial infection should be reduced gradually.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西医院医院感染管理科;四川大学华西医院医院NICU;
【基金】：四川省科技厅科技计划基金资助项目(2008FG0004)
【分类号】：R181.32

【参考文献】