德国小蠊对高效氯氰菊酯的抗药性机理及其防制策略研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 16:43

本文选题：高效氯氰菊酯　切入点：德国小蠊　出处：《山东师范大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：德国小蠊(Blattella germanica)作为一种世界性的重要病媒昆虫,自20世纪 90年代以来对我国的侵害程度日趋严重。目前,化学防制是控制德国小蠊等病媒昆虫种群数量的主要手段,拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂作为新一代的杀虫剂,自20 世纪80年代被广泛应用于农业、林业及病媒昆虫防制中。但已有多种昆虫对此类杀虫剂产生了抗药性,昆虫抗药性已成为制约许多病媒昆虫化学防制的关键因素。德国小蠊等蜚蠊类的化学防制及其相关研究近年来备受关注。及时、准确地确定昆虫抗药性的发生、发展及抗性水平对制定合理的化学防制策略至关重要, 对杀虫剂毒性机理的研究和快速准确的抗药性检测方法又是此项工作的基础。本文以德国小蠊敏感品系为实验动物,参照国标GB 13917.1---13917.8-92 《农药登记卫生杀虫剂室内药效试验方法》并稍加改进,首先确定了实验条件下高效氯氰菊酯对于德国小蠊敏感品系的半致死浓度,并通过反复实验确定了最高致死率不超过30%的高效氯氰菊酯五种亚致死浓度的药物溶液。观察了不同浓度的药物溶液对于德国小蠊敏感品系的行为影响和致死作用。实验结果显示,高效氯氰菊酯能严重影响德国小蠊正常的运动和平衡能力,并对德国小蠊敏感品系具有较强的致死作用,且呈现浓度一效应关系实验室内测定了德国小蠊敏感品系在施用五种亚致死浓度的高效氯氰菊酯 24小时、48小时、72小时、96小时、120小时、144小时时,乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、Na-K-ATP_(ase)、Ca-ATP_(ase)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX) 活性的时序变化,进一步探索高效氯氰菊酯的作用机制及其与德国小蠊体内不同酶活性间的量效与时效关系。实验结果显示,德国小蠊体内的这6中酶均为高效氯氰菊酯的重要靶标,对AChE、Na-K-ATP_(ase)、Ca-ATP_(ase)表现为显著的抑制效应并具有具有一定的浓度-效应和时间-效应关系;对于SOD、GPX表现为显著的诱导效应,在一定程度上,药物的诱导作用与高效氯氰菊酯的浓度呈现正相关关系,不同浓度下的诱导作用在时间效应上存在差异。不同浓度的高效氯氰菊酯引起德国小蠊体内不同酶活性的时序变化提示,在使用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的过程
[Abstract]:Blattella germanica, a worldwide important vector insect, has been known since 20th century. Since 90s, the degree of damage to our country has become more and more serious. At present, chemical control is to control Blattella germanica and other diseases. The main means of population size of vector insects, pyrethroid insecticides as a new generation of insecticides, since 20. In 80s, it was widely used in agriculture, forestry and vector insect control. Insecticides have become resistant to insecticides, and insect resistance has become a key factor in the chemical control of many vector insects. Chemical control of cockroaches such as Blattella germanica and its related studies have attracted much attention in recent years. Timely and accurate. Determining the occurrence, development and level of resistance to insecticides in insects is essential to the development of rational chemical control strategies. The research on the toxicity mechanism of insecticides and the rapid and accurate detection of insecticide resistance are the basis of this work. In this paper, sensitive strains of Blattella germanica were used as experimental animals, referring to GB 13917.1-13917.8-92. Laboratory efficacy Test method of Pesticide Registration for Sanitary insecticides and some improvements, the experimental conditions were first determined. The semi-lethal concentration of cypermethrin against sensitive strains of Blattella germanica was determined by repeated experiments. Five sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin with a mortality of no more than 30% were observed. The behavioral and lethal effects of the drug solution on sensitive strains of Blattella germanica were studied. Cypermethrin can seriously affect the normal movement and balance ability of Blattella germanica, and is sensitive to the strain of Blattella germanica. It has a strong lethal effect and shows a concentration-effect relationship. Five sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin in sensitive strains of Blattella germanica were determined in laboratory. At 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 120 hours and 144 hours, acetylcholinesterase (ache), acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholinesterase) and acetylcholinesterase (ache), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) / Na-K-ATPase / Ca-ATPase (Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) / Glutathione peroxidase / Glutathione peroxidase / Glutathione peroxidase / Glutathione peroxidase). Further study on the mechanism of high efficiency cypermethrin and its difference from that of Blattella germanica. The dose-effect relationship between enzyme activity and aging. The experimental results showed that the 6 enzymes in Blattella germanica were highly efficient. An important target of cypermethrin, AChEN Na-K-ATPase, showed a significant inhibitory effect on ACHEN Na-ATPase. It has a relationship between concentration effect and time effect. To a certain extent, the induction effect of drugs was positively correlated with the concentration of cypermethrin. Different concentrations of cypermethrin were induced by cypermethrin in different concentrations. The temporal changes of different enzyme activities in Blattella germanica suggest that pyrethroid insecticides are used in the process of using pyrethroid insecticides.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：R184

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