江西省2012-2015年禽类外环境中禽流感监测及感染病例分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 18:58

  本文选题：禽流感　切入点：环境监测　出处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年16期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的 通过掌握外环境禽流感病毒的感染变化情况以及构成特点,为禽流感防控提供依据。方法从“传染病监测平台信息管理系统”导出2012-2015年江西省禽流感监测数据,分析外环境中禽流感病毒的流行病学特征。结果 2012-2015年,江西省外环境禽流感病毒监测累积阳性率为25.81%,以2014年最高、为37.50%,2013年最低、为17.50%;各监测点以庐山管理局标本阳性检出率最高,为41.88%;各监测标本类型以宰杀或摆放禽类案板擦拭标本(38.46%)最高;不同监测季度、哨点、场所、标本类型等阳性标本检出率差异均有统计学意义(均有P0.05)。各亚型中,H9型、H5+H9混合型、H5型常年存在,自2014年起监测到H5+H7混合型(9.50%),H5+H7+H9混合型(8.25%)和H7+H9混合型(2.00%)。2013-2015年,共报告人感染禽流感病例15例,均有禽类暴露史。结论 禽类外环境高污染场所和环节增加了暴露人群禽流感的感染风险,加强外环境禽流感监测,对人感染禽流感发生的预警和风险评估有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Objective to provide the basis for the prevention and control of avian influenza by mastering the infection and composition of avian influenza virus in external environment. Methods the surveillance data of avian influenza from 2012 to 2015 in Jiangxi Province were derived from the Information Management system of Infectious Disease Surveillance platform. Results from 2012 to 2015, the cumulative positive rate of avian influenza virus surveillance in Jiangxi Province was 25.81, the highest in 2014, 37.50 in 2014, and the lowest in 2013. The highest positive rate was detected in Lushan Administration Bureau (41.88), and the highest was in slaughtering or laying poultry table wiping specimens (38.46); in different monitoring seasons, sentinel points and places were the highest. There were significant differences in the positive rate of H5 H7 and H5 H9 in all subtypes (all P0.05. H9, H5, H9, H5, H5, H5, H7, H5, H7, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H9, H5, H7, H7, H9, A total of 15 cases of avian influenza were reported, all of which had a history of poultry exposure. Conclusion the high pollution places and links outside the poultry environment increase the risk of infection of avian influenza in exposed population, and strengthen the surveillance of avian influenza in the external environment. It is of great significance to early warning and risk assessment of human avian influenza infection.
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